纳米治疗药物的递送效率差及其潜在的脱靶毒性极大地限制了其有效性和广泛应用。高效且副作用少的主动靶向系统是一种有前景的肿瘤治疗策略。在此，构建了一种多功能纳米药物Nb2C-PAA-DOX@Apt-M（NDA-M），用于靶向光热/化疗（PTT/CHT）联合肿瘤治疗。适配体的特异性靶向能力可有效增强MCF-7细胞对纳米药物的吸收。通过使用 Apt-M，NDA-M 纳米片能够靶向递送至 MCF-7 细胞，从而提高细胞内药物浓度。在1060 nm激光照射下，在肿瘤区域内观察到NDA-M的温度快速升高以实现PTT。同时，当光热/酸刺激诱导DOX释放时，会触发CHT。实验结果表明，适体介导的靶向在体外和体内均实现了增强的 PTT/CHT 功效。值得注意的是，NDA-M 诱导实体瘤完全消融，且对小鼠没有任何不良副作用。这项研究展示了开发用于靶向肿瘤治疗的纳米材料的新的和有前途的策略。

The poor delivery efficiency of nanotherapeutic drugs and their potential off-target toxicity significantly limit their effectiveness and extensive application. An active targeting system with high efficiency and few side effects is a promising strategy for tumor therapy. Herein, a multifunctional nanomedicine Nb2C-PAA-DOX@Apt-M (NDA-M) was constructed for targeted photothermal/chemotherapy (PTT/CHT) combined tumor therapy. The specific targeting ability of aptamer could effectively enhance the absorption of nanomedicine by the MCF-7 cell. By employing Apt-M, the NDA-M nanosheets demonstrated targeted delivery to MCF-7 cells, resulting in enhanced intracellular drug concentration. Under 1060 nm laser irradiation, a rapid temperature increase of the NDA-M was observed within the tumor region to achieve PTT. Meanwhile, CHT was triggered when DOX release was induced by photothermal/acid stimulation. The experimental results demonstrated that aptamer-mediated targeting achieved enhanced PTT/CHT efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, NDA-M induced complete ablation of solid tumors without any adverse side effects in mice. This study demonstrated new and promising tactics for the development of nanomaterials for targeted tumor therapy.