本研究旨在系统评估现实世界中乳腺癌 (BC) 患者免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICIs) 相关内分泌疾病的发生率及其发病时间。对 122 名 BC 患者的医疗记录进行了分析， 2019年4月至2021年9月在广东省人民医院乳腺外科接受ICIs治疗。随访数据持续至2022年10月。研究表明，60.66%的BC患者出现ICI相关内分泌疾病。内分泌疾病包括垂体损伤（7.38%）、原发性甲状腺功能障碍（34.43%）、空腹血糖或糖化血红蛋白水平异常（16.39%）和肾上腺损伤（2.46%）。根据临床特征进一步进行亚组分析，证明 ICI 相关内分泌疾病的发生率存在差异。值得注意的是，携带基因突变的亚群表现出明显较高的垂体炎患病率，统计显着相关性证明了这一点（P = 0.022）。同样，HER2 阳性个体的胰岛损伤发生率显着增加 (P = 0.023)。此外，该研究还证明，垂体、甲状腺、胰腺和肾上腺损伤中 ICI 相关内分泌疾病的中位发病时间分别为 264 天、184 天、99 天和 141 天，这比之前涉及其他肿瘤的报道要长得多。值得注意的是，即使在开始ICI治疗500天后，新的ICI相关内分泌疾病病例仍在不断出现，这表明BC患者中ICI相关内分泌疾病存在延迟发病的情况。回顾性分析证实，ICI相关内分泌疾病的发病率较高，中位发病时间较长。与其他癌症相比，BC 患者 ICI 相关内分泌疾病的发生率。这些结果强调了对接受 ICI 治疗的 BC 患者进行定期和长期内分泌功能监测的迫切需要，提倡基于个人临床资料的个性化监测方法。© 2024。作者获得 Springer Science Business Media 的独家许可， LLC，施普林格自然集团的一部分。

This study aims to systematically evaluate the incidence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-related endocrinopathies and their onset time in patients with breast cancer (BC) in a real-world setting.An analysis was conducted on the medical records of 122 BC patients who underwent ICIs therapy at the Department of Breast Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, from April 2019 to September 2021. Follow-up data continued until October 2022.The research indicated that 60.66% of BC patients experienced ICI-related endocrinopathies. The endocrinopathies included pituitary injury (7.38%), primary thyroid dysfunction (34.43%), supranormal fasting blood glucose or glycohemoglobin levels (16.39%), and adrenal injury (2.46%). Subgroup analyses were further performed based on clinical characteristics, demonstrated variability in the incidence of ICI-related endocrinopathies. Notably, subpopulations harboring genetic mutations exhibited a markedly higher prevalence of hypophysitis, as evidenced by a statistically significant association (P = 0.022). Similarly, individuals with HER2 positivity were found to have a significantly increased incidence of pancreatic islet injury (P = 0.023). Moreover, the study documented that the median onset times of ICIs-related endocrinopathies in pituitary, thyroid, pancreatic, and adrenal damage were 264, 184, 99 and 141 days, respectively, which were substantially longer compared to previous reports involving other tumors. Remarkably, even after 500 days of initiating ICI therapy, new cases of ICI-related endocrine disorders continue to emerge, suggesting a situation of delayed onset of ICI-related endocrinopathies in BC patients.The retrospective analysis confirmed a higher incidence and longer median onset time of ICI-related endocrinopathies in BC patients compared to other cancers. These outcomes underscore the critical need for regular and extended monitoring of endocrine functions in BC patients receiving ICI therapy, advocating for personalized monitoring approaches based on individual clinical profiles.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.