胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是一种极具侵袭性且普遍存在的恶性脑肿瘤，仍然是治疗的一个挑战。尽管采取了多种治疗方法，GBM 复发仍然不可避免，特别是在替莫唑胺 (TMZ) 耐药性出现和有限的治疗选择的情况下。令人惊讶的是，之前的研究表明，过敏、特应性或哮喘病史与 GBM 风险呈负相关。此外，洛桑大学医院的电子病历显示，在治疗期间服用抗组胺药的GBM患者有更好的生存率。组胺是大脑中重要的神经递质，在调节睡眠、荷尔蒙平衡和认知功能方面发挥着重要作用。在不同的肿瘤及其微环境（包括 GBM）中发现组胺水平升高和组胺受体表达增加。组胺 1 受体 (HRH1) 高表达已被证明与 GBM 患者的总生存期和无进展生存期呈负相关，进一步强调了组胺在疾病进展中的作用。本综述旨在深入了解 GBM 治疗的挑战、组胺在 GBM 进展中的作用以及考虑抗组胺药作为靶向治疗的理由。该综述最后鼓励进一步研究抗组胺机制及其对肿瘤微环境的影响。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Glioblastoma (GBM), an extremely aggressive and prevalent malignant brain tumor, remains a challenge to treat. Despite a multimodality treatment approach, GBM recurrence remains inevitable, particularly with the emergence of temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and limited treatment options. Surprisingly, previous studies show that a history of allergies, atopy, or asthma is inversely associated with GBM risk. Further, the electronic medical record at the University Hospital of Lausanne showed that the GBM patients taking antihistamine during treatment had better survival. Histamine is an essential neurotransmitter in the brain and plays a significant role in regulating sleep, hormonal balance, and cognitive functions. Elevated levels of histamine and increased histamine receptor expression have been found in different tumors and their microenvironments, including GBM. High histamine 1 receptor (HRH1) expression has been shown to be inversely related to overall and progression-free survival in GBM patients, further emphasizing the role of histamine in disease progression. This review aims to provide insights into the challenges of GBM treatment, the role of histamine in GBM progression, and the rationale for considering antihistamines as targeted therapy. The review concludes by encouraging further investigation into antihistamine mechanisms and their impact on the tumor microenvironment.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.