高危人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 是口咽癌的一个确定原因。它们与口腔癌的关系尚不清楚，检出率在 0% 到 100% 之间。仅 HPV DNA 检测或暴露证据不足以得出因果关系。本系统综述评估了口腔癌中 HPV 检测研究的偏倚程度。在 PubMed、Ovid MEDLINE、EMBASE 和 PsycInfo 数据库中检索了报告 HPV 在口腔特定癌症中的影响的观察性研究。所有 15 项纳入研究提出了 HPV DNA 检测或血清 HPV 抗体，但均不包括 mRNA E6/E7 分析。与对照组相比，口腔癌病例检测到 HPV 的几率高出 5.36 倍 (95% CI 3.29-8.72)。细胞样本（OR 6.93；95% CI 0.82-58.55）和组织样本（OR 5.28；95% CI 3.41-8.18）中 HPV 检测的几率高于血液样本（OR 3.36；95% CI 1.53） 7.40).当口咽部和口腔之间的癌症部位明显区分时，12 项研究显示 HPV 和口腔癌之间存在很强的相关性，但由于测量不一致、高混杂性和缺乏金标准测试，现有的估计缺乏内部有效性。没有高质量的证据可以得出 HPV 与口腔癌之间的因果关系。© 2024 作者。 《口腔疾病》由 Wiley periodicals LLC 出版。

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are an established cause of oropharyngeal cancer. Their relationship with oral cancer remains unclear with detection ranging from 0% to 100%. HPV DNA detection or evidence of exposure alone is insufficient to conclude causality. This systematic review assesses the extent of bias in studies of HPV detection in cancers of the oral cavity.PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo databases were searched for observational studies reporting the effect of HPV in oral cavity specific cancers.All 15 included studies presented HPV DNA detection or serum HPV-antibodies, none included mRNA E6/E7 analysis. Cases with oral cancer had 5.36 times (95% CI 3.29-8.72) higher odds of having HPV detected compared to controls. The odds of HPV detection were higher in cell-based (OR 6.93; 95% CI 0.82-58.55) and tissue samples (OR 5.28; 95% CI 3.41-8.18) than blood-based samples (OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.53-7.40).When cancer site is clearly differentiated between oropharynx and oral cavity, 12 studies showed strong association between HPV and oral cancer, but the available estimates lack internal validity due to inconsistent measurements, high confounding, and lack of gold standard testing. There is not high-quality evidence to conclude a causal relationship of HPV with oral cancer.© 2024 The Author(s). Oral Diseases published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.