在包括转移在内的许多基本生物过程中，细胞迁移需要细胞利用异质机械线索穿越组织，这些机械线索指导迁移并确定运动所需的力和能量。然而，离散结构和机械因素对迁移的影响仍然难以确定，因为它们经常是耦合的。在这里，我们将胶原纤维排列和张力的促侵入线索解耦，以研究它们对迁移的个体影响。当出现两种提示时，细胞优先沿张力轴移动，而不是纤维排列。计算和实验数据表明，与沿纤维排列方向的运动相比，垂直于排列方向施加张力会增加胶原纤维内存储的势能，从而降低细胞诱导的基质变形和迁移过程中能量使用的要求。能量最小化引导迁移轨迹，张力可以促进针对纤维排列的迁移。这些发现提供了对纤维基质迁移过程中生物能学的概念性理解。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Cell migration during many fundamental biological processes including metastasis requires cells to traverse tissue with heterogeneous mechanical cues that direct migration as well as determine force and energy requirements for motility. However, the influence of discrete structural and mechanical cues on migration remains challenging to determine as they are often coupled. Here, we decouple the pro-invasive cues of collagen fiber alignment and tension to study their individual impact on migration. When presented with both cues, cells preferentially travel in the axis of tension against fiber alignment. Computational and experimental data show applying tension perpendicular to alignment increases potential energy stored within collagen fibers, lowering requirements for cell-induced matrix deformation and energy usage during migration compared to motility in the direction of fiber alignment. Energy minimization directs migration trajectory, and tension can facilitate migration against fiber alignment. These findings provide a conceptual understanding of bioenergetics during migration through a fibrous matrix.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.