免疫疗法被认为是治疗肿瘤最有前途的方法之一，目前针对致命性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）有多种免疫治疗思路。然而，免疫治疗药物存在体内稳定性有限、血脑屏障（BBB）渗透性差、GBM靶向性不足以及单一疗法等问题，阻碍了免疫治疗干预的成功。此外，即使有传统药物输送系统的帮助，结果仍然不理想。仿生策略试图通过模仿自然的智能结构和功能来克服这些艰巨的药物输送挑战。利用各种生物结构和功能，仿生药物递送系统提供了一个具有增强生物相容性的多功能平台，可共同递送多种免疫治疗药物。此外，它们穿过 BBB 并瞄准 GBM 的固有能力有望增强 GBM 免疫疗法的疗效。因此，本综述首先回顾了 GBM 免疫治疗的各种想法和药物。然后，分析GBM免疫治疗成功的障碍，并从功能和结构的角度探索相应的仿生策略。最后，讨论了仿生策略的临床翻译现状和前景。本综述旨在为 GBM 免疫治疗的进展提供新的视角。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Immunotherapy is regarded as one of the most promising approaches for treating tumors, with a multitude of immunotherapeutic thoughts currently under consideration for the lethal glioblastoma (GBM). However, issues with immunotherapeutic agents, such as limited in vivo stability, poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, insufficient GBM targeting, and represented monotherapy, have hindered the success of immunotherapeutic interventions. Moreover, even with the aid of conventional drug delivery systems, outcomes remain suboptimal. Biomimetic strategies seek to overcome these formidable drug delivery challenges by emulating nature's intelligent structures and functions. Leveraging the variety of biological structures and functions, biomimetic drug delivery systems afford a versatile platform with enhanced biocompatibility for the co-delivery of diverse immunotherapeutic agents. Moreover, their inherent capacity to traverse the BBB and home in on GBM holds promise for augmenting the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy. Thus, this review begins by revisiting the various thoughts and agents on immunotherapy for GBM. Then, the barriers to successful GBM immunotherapy are analyzed, and the corresponding biomimetic strategies are explored from the perspective of function and structure. Finally, the clinical translation's current state and prospects of biomimetic strategy are addressed. This review aspires to provide fresh perspectives on the advancement of immunotherapy for GBM.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.