癌症干细胞（CSC）显着干扰免疫治疗，导致低反应率和获得性耐药等挑战。 PD-L1 表达与 CSC 群体 CD44 的过度表达相关。越来越多的证据表明，乳腺癌干细胞 (BCSC) 标记物 CD44 和免疫检查点 PD-L1 通过其网络导致治疗失败。天然化合物可以通过针对 BCSC 耐药机制来克服乳腺癌的治疗耐药性。本综述提供了对 BCSC 的 CD44 和 PD-L1 网络在介导转移和免疫逃避方面的最新见解。该综述严格审查了现有文献，提供了对该主题的全面理解，并强调了天然黄酮对 BCSC 信号通路的影响。此外，该综述还讨论了天然化合物在乳腺癌 (BC) 中靶向 CD44 和 PD-L1 的潜力。天然化合物始终显示出针对 BCSC 调节机制、诱导干性丧失和促进分化的潜力。它们为开发治疗乳腺癌的替代治疗策略提供了一种有前景的方法。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) significantly interfere with immunotherapy, leading to challenges such as low response rates and acquired resistance. PD-L1 expression is associated with the CSC population's overexpression of CD44. Mounting evidence suggests that the breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) marker CD44 and the immune checkpoint PD-L1 contribute to treatment failure through their networks. Natural compounds can overcome therapy resistance in breast cancer by targeting mechanisms underlying resistance in BCSCs. This review provides an updated insight into the CD44 and PD-L1 networks of BCSCs in mediating metastasis and immune evasion. The review critically examines existing literature, providing a comprehensive understanding of the topic and emphasizing the impact of natural flavones on the signaling pathways of BCSCs. Additionally, the review discusses the potential of natural compounds in targeting CD44 and PD-L1 in breast cancer (BC). Natural compounds consistently show potential in targeting regulatory mechanisms of BCSCs, inducing loss of stemness, and promoting differentiation. They offer a promising approach for developing alternative therapeutic strategies to manage breast cancer.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.