本研究的预定目标是评估 OptiTrain 试验在基线评估 5 年后对多种健康结果的持续影响。 OptiTrain 研究是一项前瞻性随机对照试验，纳入了 240 名接受辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者，比较了两种锻炼计划（RT-HIIT 和 AT-HIIT）为期 16 周与常规护理 (UC) 的效果。经过 5 年随访后，对符合条件的参与者进行了癌症相关疲劳 (CRF) 的主要结果和生活质量、症状、肌肉力量、心肺健康、体重、体力活动和久坐行为等次要结果的评估。使用根据基线值调整的线性混合模型进行统计分析。肿瘤概况和绝经状态还针对 CRF 进行了调整。报告了平均差异 (MD)、95% 置信区间 (CI) 和标准化效应量 (ES)。 5年随访时，干预组和UC组之间的总CRF没有统计学上的显着差异。 RT-HIIT 报告称，与 UC 相比，臀肌 MD = 79.00（95% CI 10.17, 147.83，ES = 0.55）的疼痛敏感性显着降低。 AT-HIIT 组与 UC 组相比，在认知 CRF 和心肺健康方面的增加以及 RT-HIIT 与 UC 组的下肢力量方面观察到具有临床意义的差异，尽管没有统计学意义。在乳腺癌辅助化疗期间进行有针对性的运动可以在减少疲劳和维持身体功能方面提供短期益处。然而，我们的 5 年随访表明，从长期来看，这些影响是有限的。这强调了支持乳腺癌幸存者在整个生存过程中维持 PA 水平的必要性。© 2024。作者。

The protocol predefined aim of this study is to assess sustained effects of the OptiTrain trial on several health outcomes, 5 years after the baseline assessment. The OptiTrain study was a prospective, randomised controlled trial with 240 patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy that compared the effects of 16 weeks of two exercise programs, RT-HIIT and AT-HIIT, with usual care (UC). After a 5-year follow-up, eligible participants were evaluated for the primary outcome of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and secondary outcomes including quality of life, symptoms, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Statistical analysis was conducted using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline values. Tumour profile and menopausal status were additionally adjusted for CRF. Mean differences (MD), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and standardized effect sizes (ES) were reported. At the 5-year follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences in total CRF between the intervention groups and the UC group. RT-HIIT reported significantly reduced pain sensitivity at the gluteus MD = 79.00 (95% CI 10.17, 147.83, ES = 0.55) compared to UC. Clinically meaningful differences for an increase in cognitive CRF and cardiorespiratory fitness were observed for the AT-HIIT versus UC group, and for lower limb strength for the RT-HIIT versus UC group, albeit without statistical significance. Engaging in targeted exercise during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer provides short-term benefits in reducing fatigue and maintaining physical function. However, our 5-year follow-up indicates that these effects are limited in the long term. This underscores the need to support breast cancer survivors maintain their PA levels throughout their survivorship journey.© 2024. The Author(s).