筛查是乳腺癌早期检测计划的关键组成部分，可以大大降低相关死亡率。本研究的目的是确定 40 岁以上女性的乳腺癌筛查行为模式和相关因素。在这项描述性分析横断面研究中，采用整群抽样的方式招募了 2023 年到伊朗大不里士卫生中心就诊的 372 名 40 岁以上女性。使用社会人口特征调查问卷、乳腺癌认知量表、伊朗成年人健康素养量表和乳腺癌筛查行为清单收集数据。使用描述性统计（频率、百分比、平均值和标准差）和推论统计（单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析）在 SPSS 16 版中对获得的数据进行分析。总共，68.3% 的参与者进行了乳房自检 (BSE)（9.9% 定期，每月一次），60.2% 接受临床乳房检查 (CBE)（8.9% 定期，每年两次），51.3% 接受乳房 X 光检查（ 12.3% 定期，每年一次），36.2% 接受超声检查（3.8% 定期，每年两次）。研究结果还表明，患有良性乳腺疾病的女性更有可能接受 CBE（OR = 8.49；95% CI 2.55 至 28.21；P < 0.001）、乳房 X 光检查（OR = 8.84；95% CI 2.98 至 10；P < 0.001）和超声检查（OR = 18.84；95% CI 6.40 至 53.33；P < 0.001）优于其他人。具有低和中等乳腺癌认知得分的参与者比具有高乳腺癌认知得分的女性更有可能发生 BSE（OR = 2.20；95% CI 1.21 至 4.00；P = 0.009），并且有良性乳腺疾病史的女性比其他人更有可能进行筛查行为（OR = 2.47；95% CI 1.27 至 4.80；P = 0.008）。 50 岁至 59 岁之间的女性比其他女性更有可能接受乳房 X 光检查（OR = 2.33；95% CI 1.29 至 4.77；P = 0.008）和 CBE（OR = 2.40；95% CI 1.347 至 4.20；P = 0.003）。 ≥60岁。鉴于女性定期乳腺癌筛查的参与度较低，建议医疗保健提供者在其培训计划中强调按指定时间间隔进行筛查的必要性。此外，建议卫生当局使用提醒系统提醒女性，尤其是40岁以上的女性，进行乳腺筛查的最佳时间。此外，医疗保健提供者必须努力提高前往医疗中心就诊的女性的乳腺癌知识、态度和看法，这是普通大众与医疗保健系统接触的第一级。© 2024。作者。

Screening is a key component of breast cancer early detection programs that can considerably reduce relevant mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to determine the breast cancer screening behavioral patterns and associated factors in women over 40 years of age. In this descriptive‑analytical cross‑sectional study, 372 over 40 years of age women visiting health centers in Tabriz, Iran, in 2023 were enrolled using cluster sampling. The data were collected using the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, breast cancer perception scale, health literacy for Iranian adults scale, and the Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Checklist. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses). In total, 68.3% of all participants performed breast self‑examination (BSE) (9.9% regularly, once per month), 60.2% underwent clinical breast examination (CBE) (8.9% regularly, twice per year), 51.3% underwent mammography (12.3% regularly, once per year), and 36.2% underwent sonography (3.8% regularly, twice per year). The findings also showed that women with benign breast diseases were more likely to undergo CBE (OR = 8.49; 95% CI 2.55 to 28.21; P < 0.001), mammography (OR = 8.84; 95% CI 2.98 to 10; P < 0.001), and sonography (OR = 18.84; 95% CI 6.40 to 53.33; P < 0.001) than others. Participants with low and moderate breast cancer perception scores were more likely to perform BSE than women with high breast cancer perception scores (OR = 2.20; 95% CI 1.21 to 4.00; P = 0.009) and women who had a history of benign breast disease were more likely to perform screening behaviors than others (OR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.27 to 4.80; P = 0.008). Women between the ages of 50 and 59 were more likely to undergo mammography (OR = 2.33; 95% CI 1.29 to 4.77; P = 0.008) and CBE (OR = 2.40; 95% CI 1.347 to 4.20; P = 0.003) than those ≥ 60 years. Given the low participation of women in regular breast cancer screening, it is suggested that health care providers highlight the need for screening at the specified intervals in their training programs. In addition, health authorities are recommended to use reminder systems to remind women, especially those over 40 years of age, of the best time for breast screening. Moreover, health care providers must seek to improve breast cancer knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of women who visit health centers, which are the first level of contact with the healthcare system for the general population.© 2024. The Author(s).