过去十年中，甲状腺肿瘤的发病率逐年上升，成为女性第四大肿瘤。这给受影响的人带来了各种生物负担。目前，甲状腺肿瘤主要通过经皮细针抽吸和超声诊断。然而，这些方法复杂、昂贵、准确度较低，并且可能无法检测到某些甲状腺结节。作为替代方案，除了传统的诊断方法之外，研究人员还专注于基于血液的生物标志物，主要由纳米材料辅助。甲状腺癌的早期识别至关重要，因为它的治疗率很高。已经使用纳米材料介导的方法开发了各种传感系统来增强检测系统。纳米材料有效地应用于生物传感器的表面功能化，并与生物分子结合以改善与目标分析物的相互作用。本综述讨论了纳米材料辅助甲状腺肿瘤检测，特别关注基于纳米材料的生物传感器。© 2024 国际生物化学与分子生物学联合会，Inc.

The incidence of thyroid tumors has been increasing yearly over the past decade, making it the fourth highest tumor in women. This places various biological burdens on those affected. Currently, thyroid tumors are primarily diagnosed using percutaneous fine needle aspiration and ultrasound. However, these methods are complex, expensive, and less accurate, and they may fail to detect some thyroid nodules. As an alternative, researchers are focusing on blood-based biomarkers in addition to the traditional diagnostic methods, assisted predominantly by nanomaterials. Early identification of thyroid cancer is crucial as it is highly treatable. Various sensing systems have been developed using nanomaterial-mediated approaches to enhance the detection system. Nanomaterials are effectively applied in biosensors for surface functionalization and are conjugated with biomolecules to improve the interaction with the target analyte. This review discusses nanomaterial-assisted thyroid tumor detection, with a special focus on nanomaterial-based biosensors.© 2024 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.