早期营养管理方法极大地影响肉鸡的生产性能和对球虫病的抵抗力。目前的研究探讨了孵化后饲喂谷氨酰胺 (Glut) 和不同水平 omega-3 的组合对肉鸡生长性能、肌肉构建、肠道屏障、抗氧化能力和预防禽球虫病的影响。总共 600 只 Cobb 500 被分为六组：第一组（饲喂基础饮食，未攻击（对照）和攻击（阴性对照，NC）组饲喂不含添加剂的基础饮食，其他组感染艾美耳球虫）在起始阶段，单独补充 1.5% 谷胱甘肽或补充三种不同水平的 omega-3（0.25、0.5 和 1%），在喂食补充有谷胱甘肽和 1% 基础饮食的组中观察到体重增加显着改善。即使在球虫感染后，Omega 3 也增加了（与攻击组相比增加了 25%），而补充 Glut 和 Omega-3 的组的饲料转化率则恢复到对照水平（肌生成素、MyoD、雷帕霉素激酶的机械靶点和）的上调。胰岛素样生长因子-1 和肌肉生长抑制素基因的下调）补充了 Glut 和高水平 omega-3 高表达的封闭基因、粘蛋白-2、连接粘附分子 2、b-防御素-1 和 cathelicidins-2 基因。饲喂 1% Glut  omega-3 的组表现出总抗氧化能力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性增加，同时丙二醛、活性氧和 H2O2 水平降低。感染后，饮食中的 Glut 和 1% omega-3 会增加肠道白细胞介素 10 (IL)、分泌性免疫球蛋白 -A 和血清溶菌酶，同时降低升高的炎症介质，包括白细胞介素 IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子 α、一氧化氮。 NO) 和诱导型 NO 合酶。在饲喂 1% Glut 和 omega-3 的组中，粪便卵囊排泄和病变评分严重程度降低。根据这些发现，日粮中补充 Glut 和 omega-3 增强了肉鸡在球虫攻击后的整体性能恢复。

Early nutritional management approach greatly impacts broilers' performance and resistance against coccidiosis. The current study explored the impact of post-hatch feeding with a combination of glutamine (Glut) and different levels of omega-3 on broiler chickens' growth performance, muscle building, intestinal barrier, antioxidant ability and protection against avian coccidiosis. A total of six hundred Cobb 500 was divided into six groups: first group (fed basal diet and unchallenged (control) and challenged (negative control, NC) groups were fed a basal diet without additives, and the other groups were infected with Eimeria spp and supplemented with 1.5% Glut alone or with three different levels of omega-3 (0.25, 0.5 and 1%) during the starter period. Notable improvement in body weight gain was observed in the group which fed basal diet supplemented with glut and 1% omega 3 even after coccidia infection (increased by 25% compared challenged group) while feed conversion ratio was restored to control. Myogeneis was enhanced in the group supplemented with Glut and omega-3 (upregulation of myogenin, MyoD, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase and insulin like growth factor-1 and downregulating of myostatin genes). Groups supplemented with Glut and higher levels of omega-3 highly expressed occluding, mucin-2, junctional Adhesion Molecule 2, b-defensin-1 and cathelicidins-2 genes. Group fed 1% Glut + omega-3 showed an increased total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase enzymes activities with reduced levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and H2O2. Post-infection, dietary Glut and 1% omega-3 increased intestinal interleukin-10 (IL) and secretory immunoglobulin-A and serum lysozyme, while decreased the elevated inflammatory mediators comprising interleukin IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase. Fecal oocyst excretion and lesions score severity were lowered in the group fed 1% Glut and omega 3. Based on these findings, dietary Glut and omega-3 supplementation augmented restored overall broilers' performance after coccidial challenge.