该综述探讨了世界卫生组织 (WHO) 垂体腺瘤（现称为垂体神经内分泌肿瘤 (PitNETs)）分类的 2022 年更新，以及其对 PitNET 患者临床管理的可能影响。该综述强调了2017年至2022年版本的差异和演变，当前的分类考虑了肿瘤细胞的谱系、细胞类型、产生的激素和其他辅助特征，以进行全面的组织学分类。术语的修订反映了对神经内分泌肿瘤的更广泛的视角。基于转录因子、激素表达和其他生物标志物的新方法对垂体腺瘤的命名法进行了重大修改，并对垂体腺瘤进行了更准确的分类。此外，在某些情况下，这种方法还具有预测价值，在临床实践中很有用。然而，尽管有这种复杂的分类和分层，该评论指出缺乏稳健的分级或分期系统，并建议需要进一步研究和验证诊断方法。尽管存在这些限制，修订后的分类在理解和管理 PitNETs 患者方面迈出了重要一步。

The review explores the 2022 update to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of pituitary adenomas, now referred to as pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), and his possible impact on the clinical management of PitNET patients. The review highlights the differences and the evolution from the 2017 to 2022 version, with the current classification considering the lineage of the tumor cells, cell type, hormones produced, and other auxiliary characteristics for a comprehensive histological classification. The revision in terminology reflects a broader perspective on neuroendocrine neoplasia. The new approach based on transcription factors, hormone expression and other biomarkers has allowed a major revision of the nomenclature and a more accurate classification of pituitary adenomas. Furthermore, in some cases this approach is also assuming a prognostic value, useful in clinical practice. However, despite this elaborate classification and stratification, the review points out the lack of a robust grading or staging system and suggests the need for further research and validation of diagnostic methods. Despite these limitations, the revised classification presents a significant step towards understanding and managing PitNETs patients.