确定参与城市污染物反应的关键分子途径和基因是进一步了解城市化对野生动物影响的重要一步。城市栖息地的扩张以及相关的人类环境变化被认为对人类和野生动物的健康和生存构成全球威胁。本研究通过实验研究了短期暴露于三种与城市相关的污染物——烟尘、夜间人造光（ALAN）和交通噪音——如何影响圈养雌性斑胸草雀（Taeniopygia guttata）肝脏中转录组范围的基因表达。与未暴露的对照相比，在烟尘、ALAN 和噪声暴露的鸟类中分别有 17、52 和 28 个基因存在差异表达。在暴露于烟灰的鸟类中，丰富的基因本体（GO）术语与受抑制的免疫系统有关，例如干扰素调节基因（IRG）和对外部刺激的反应。对于暴露于 ALAN 的鸟类，丰富的 GO 术语是基于与解毒、氧化还原、激素和代谢过程相关的下调基因。噪声暴露导致与 GO 术语相关的基因下调：细胞对物质的反应、分解代谢和细胞因子反应。在个体差异表达基因（DEG）中，烟尘导致与肿瘤进展相关的基因表达增加。同样，ALAN 揭示了与不同癌症类型相关的多个基因的上调。两种感觉污染物（ALAN 和噪音）都会导致与神经元功能相关的基因表达增加。有趣的是，噪音会导致与血清素调节和功能相关的基因（SLC6A4 和 HTR7）上调，之前的研究表明城市鸟类会选择这些基因。这些结果表明，短期暴露于三种城市污染物会扰乱肝脏转录组，但最常见的是以不同的方式，这突出了未来对多重压力暴露及其相互作用影响的研究，以及它们对城市居住的长期影响野生动物。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。

Identifying key molecular pathways and genes involved in the response to urban pollutants is an important step in furthering our understanding of the impact of urbanisation on wildlife. The expansion of urban habitats and the associated human-introduced environmental changes are considered a global threat to the health and persistence of humans and wildlife. The present study experimentally investigates how short-term exposure to three urban-related pollutants -soot, artificial light at night (ALAN) and traffic noise- affects transcriptome-wide gene expression in livers from captive female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Compared to unexposed controls, 17, 52, and 28 genes were differentially expressed in soot, ALAN and noise-exposed birds, respectively. In soot-exposed birds, the enriched gene ontology (GO) terms were associated with a suppressed immune system such as interferon regulating genes (IRGs) and responses to external stimuli. For ALAN-exposed birds, enriched GO terms were instead based on downregulated genes associated with detoxification, redox, hormonal-, and metabolic processes. Noise exposure resulted in downregulation of genes associated with the GO terms: cellular responses to substances, catabolic and cytokine responses. Among the individually differentially expressed genes (DEGs), soot led to an increased expression of genes related to tumour progression. Likewise, ALAN revealed an upregulation of multiple genes linked to different cancer types. Both sensory pollutants (ALAN and noise) led to increased expression of genes linked to neuronal function. Interestingly, noise caused upregulation of genes associated with serotonin regulation and function (SLC6A4 and HTR7), which previous studies have shown to be under selection in urban birds. These outcomes indicate that short-term exposure to the three urban pollutants perturbate the liver transcriptome, but most often in different ways, which highlights future studies of multiple-stress exposure and their interactive effects, along with their long-term impacts for urban-dwelling wildlife.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.