同理：由调控元件转录的 RNA。
Cut from the same cloth: RNAs transcribed from regulatory elements.
发表日期：2024 Jul 02
作者：
E M Stasevich, A V Simonova, E A Bogomolova, M M Murashko, A N Uvarova, E A Zheremyan, K V Korneev, A M Schwartz, D V Kuprash, D E Demin
来源：
Bba-Gene Regul Mech
摘要：
一定程度的染色质开放对于基因组内转录调节区域的活性是必要的，有助于 RNA 聚合酶的可及性以及随后从这些区域合成调节元件 RNA (regRNA)。迅速增加的研究数量强调了 regRNA 在不同细胞过程和疾病中的重要性，挑战了这些转录本是非功能性转录噪音的范式。这篇综述探讨了 regRNA 在人类细胞中的多方面作用，包括启动子 RNA 和增强子 RNA (eRNA) 等经过充分研究的实体，同时还提供了对黯然失色的沉默子 RNA 和绝缘子 RNA 的见解。此外，我们评估了发挥重要作用的较短 regRNA 的著名例子，如 miRNA、snRNA 和 snoRNA。为了扩展我们的讨论范围，我们探讨了 regRNA 作为癌症和其他人类疾病的生物标志物和新靶标的潜在用途。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。
A certain degree of chromatin openness is necessary for the activity of transcription-regulating regions within the genome, facilitating accessibility to RNA polymerases and subsequent synthesis of regulatory element RNAs (regRNAs) from these regions. The rapidly increasing number of studies underscores the significance of regRNAs across diverse cellular processes and diseases, challenging the paradigm that these transcripts are non-functional transcriptional noise. This review explores the multifaceted roles of regRNAs in human cells, encompassing rather well-studied entities such as promoter RNAs and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), while also providing insights into overshadowed silencer RNAs and insulator RNAs. Furthermore, we assess notable examples of shorter regRNAs, like miRNAs, snRNAs, and snoRNAs, playing important roles. Expanding our discourse, we deliberate on the potential usage of regRNAs as biomarkers and novel targets for cancer and other human diseases.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.