有证据表明，跨性别者的性别肯定激素治疗 (GAHT) 可调节其患特定恶性肿瘤的风险，包括乳腺癌、前列腺癌以及脑膜瘤。然而，没有足够的数据来对年龄和遗传性癌症风险进行精确的风险估计。因此，筛查建议仍然广泛。跨性别人群中活动性或历史性癌症管理最佳实践的证据甚至更少。因此，指导意见主要是从顺性别人群中推断出来的，但考虑到 GAHT 在面临任何激素风险时的显着益处。临床经验、多学科团队以及与患者共同决策对于提供以人为本的护理至关重要，同时需要进一步研究。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

There is evidence that gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) for transgender individuals modulates their risk for specific malignancies including breast and prostate cancer, and meningiomas. However, there is insufficient data to make precise risk estimates accounting for age and inherited cancer risk. As such, screening recommendations remain broad. Even less evidence exists for best practice in the management of active or historical cancers in the transgender population. Guidance is therefore mainly extrapolated from cisgender populations but with considerations of the significant benefits of GAHT in the face of any hormonal risk. Clinical experience, the multidisciplinary team and shared decision making with the patient are vital in providing person-centred care, while further research is acquired.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.