Atezolizumab/贝伐单抗是不可切除的肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的一线治疗药物，结合了免疫检查点抑制剂和抗 VEGF 单克隆抗体。当上述组合未能带来足够的临床益处时，进行肝动脉灌注化疗（HAIC）。本研究旨在探讨肿瘤程序性细胞死亡配体 1 (PD-L1) 阳性与 HAIC 反应之间的关联。回顾性纳入 40 名在 2020 年 1 月至 2023 年 5 月期间接受 HAIC 并获得可用活检样本的 HCC 患者。评估肿瘤反应、无进展生存期（PFS）、疾病控制率（DCR）和总生存期（OS）。使用组合阳性评分评估肿瘤样本中的 PD-L1 表达。记录了阿特朱单抗/贝伐单抗联合治疗失败后接受 HAIC 治疗的晚期 HCC 患者的缓解率。 PD-L1 阳性和非阳性患者之间的 OS (P=0.9717) 和 PFS (P=0.4194) 没有差异。客观缓解率 (P=0.7830) 和 DCR (P=0.7020) 也没有因 PD-L1 状态而异。总之，当前的研究结果强调了 HAIC 的一致疗效，无论 PD-L1 阳性如何。版权所有：© 2024 Kim 等人。

Atezolizumab/bevacizumab is the first line of treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), combining immune checkpoint inhibitor and anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is administered when the above-described combination fails to confer sufficient clinical benefit. The present study aimed to explore the association between tumor programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity and HAIC response. A total of 40 patients with HCC who had undergone HAIC with available biopsy samples obtained between January 2020 and May 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. Tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. PD-L1 expression in tumor samples was assessed using a combined positivity score. The response rates of HAIC-treated patients with advanced HCC after failure of atezolizumab/bevacizumab combination therapy were recorded. OS (P=0.9717) and PFS (P=0.4194) did not differ between patients with and without PD-L1 positivity. The objective response rate (P=0.7830) and DCR (P=0.7020) also did not differ based on PD-L1 status. In conclusion, the current findings highlight the consistent efficacy of HAIC, regardless of PD-L1 positivity.Copyright: © 2024 Kim et al.