放射治疗（RT）是一种广泛使用的肿瘤治疗方法，而这种治疗方式的一个重大障碍是肿瘤细胞表现出的放射抗性。为了提高放疗的有效性，科学家们探索了放射增敏方法，包括使用放射增敏剂和物理刺激。然而，一些方法表现出令人失望的结果，包括副作用和有限的功效。低强度超声(LIUS)是一种更安全、更有效的放射增敏方法，它选择性地靶向肿瘤组织，提高放射治疗的疗效。本文综述了肿瘤放射抵抗的原因，并探讨了LIUS潜在的放射增敏机制。此外，它还涵盖了放射增敏中的多种 LIUS 应用策略，包括单独使用 LIUS、超声靶向血管内微泡破坏、超声介导的靶向放射增敏剂递送和声动力治疗。最后，该综述介绍了在临床环境中采用 LIUS-RT 联合治疗的局限性和前景，强调将研究结果与实际应用相结合的必要性。 LIUS 采用具有成本效益的设备来促进肿瘤放射增敏、减少辐射暴露并提高质量患者的生命。这种功效归因于 LIUS 能够利用热、空化和机械效应来克服肿瘤细胞对 RT 的抵抗。多项实验分析强调了 LIUS 使用不同策略诱导肿瘤放射增敏的有效性。虽然初步研究显示出有希望的结果，但进行更全面的临床试验对于确认其在现实情况下的安全性和有效性至关重要。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利出版的癌症医学

Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely utilized tumor treatment approach, while a significant obstacle in this treatment modality is the radioresistance exhibited by tumor cells. To enhance the effectiveness of RT, scientists have explored radiosensitization approaches, including the use of radiosensitizers and physical stimuli. Nevertheless, several approaches have exhibited disappointing results including adverse effects and limited efficacy. A safer and more effective method of radiosensitization involves low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS), which selectively targets tumor tissue and enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy.This review summarized the tumor radioresistance reasons and explored LIUS potential radiosensitization mechanisms. Moreover, it covered diverse LIUS application strategies in radiosensitization, including the use of LIUS alone, ultrasound-targeted intravascular microbubble destruction, ultrasound-mediated targeted radiosensitizers delivery, and sonodynamic therapy. Lastly, the review presented the limitations and prospects of employing LIUS-RT combined therapy in clinical settings, emphasizing the need to connect research findings with practical applications.LIUS employs cost-effective equipment to foster tumor radiosensitization, curtail radiation exposure, and elevate the quality of life for patients. This efficacy is attributed to LIUS's ability to utilize thermal, cavitation, and mechanical effects to overcome tumor cell resistance to RT. Multiple experimental analyses have underscored the effectiveness of LIUS in inducing tumor radiosensitization using diverse strategies. While initial studies have shown promising results, conducting more comprehensive clinical trials is crucial to confirm its safety and effectiveness in real-world situations.© 2024 The Author(s). Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.