免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICIs) 会导致各个器官系统的免疫相关不良事件 (irAE)，包括口干和口腔炎等口腔健康并发症。在这项研究中，我们的目的是确定接受免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）治疗的患者患牙周炎的风险，并测试 ICI 相关牙周炎与其他免疫相关不良事件（irAE）之间的关联。我们在 2010 年 1 月至 2021 年 11 月期间对成年癌症患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。接受 ICI 的患者与未接受 ICI 的患者进行倾向评分匹配。主要结果是牙周炎的发生。 ICI 包括程序性细胞死亡 1 (PD-1) 抑制剂、程序性细胞死亡配体 1 (PD-L1) 抑制剂和细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞相关蛋白 4 (CTLA-4) 抑制剂。使用 ICI 后发生牙周炎的风险是通过 Cox 比例风险模型和 Kaplan-Meier 生存分析得出的。总体而言，868 名接受 ICI 的患者与未接受 ICI 的患者进行了匹配。在 ICI 队列中，41 名患者（4.7%）出现牙周炎。接受 ICI 的患者牙周炎的发病率显着高于未接受 ICI 的患者（每 100 患者年分别为 55.3 例和 25.8 例，发病率比 = 2.14，95% CI = 1.38-3.33）。 PD-L1抑制剂（多变量HR=2.5，95%CI=1.3-4.7）和PD-1抑制剂（多变量HR=2.0，95%CI=1.2-3.2）的使用均与牙周炎风险相关。免疫相关牙周炎的存在与更好的总生存期（未达到 vs 17 个月，对数秩 p 值<0.001）、无进展生存期（14.9 个月对 5.6 个月，对数秩 p 值=0.01）相关。和其他伴随的免疫相关皮肤不良事件。总之，ICI 与牙周炎风险增加有关。免疫相关牙周炎作为 irAE 与更好的癌症生存率和伴随的皮肤 irAE 相关。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) across various organ systems including oral health complications such as dry mouth and stomatitis. In this study, we aimed to determine the risk of periodontitis among patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and to test the associations between ICI-associated periodontitis and other immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We performed a retrospective cohort study involving adult cancer patients between January 2010 and November 2021. Patients on an ICI were propensity score-matched to patients not on an ICI. The primary outcome was the occurrence of periodontitis. ICIs included programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. The risk of periodontitis following ICI use was derived through a Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Overall, 868 patients on an ICI were matched to patients not on an ICI. Among the ICI cohort, 41 (4.7%) patients developed periodontitis. The incidence rate of periodontitis was significantly higher in patients on an ICI than in patients not on an ICI (55.3 vs 25.8 per 100 patient-years, incidence rate ratio=2.14, 95% CI=1.38-3.33). Both the use of PD-L1 inhibitors (multivariate HR=2.5, 95%CI=1.3-4.7) and PD-1 inhibitors (multivariate HR=2.0, 95%CI=1.2-3.2) were associated with the risk of periodontitis. The presence of immune-related periodontitis was associated with better overall survival (not reached vs 17 months, log-rank p-value<0.001), progression-free survival (14.9 vs 5.6 months, log-rank p-value=0.01), and other concomitant immune-related cutaneous adverse events. In conclusion, ICI was associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. Immune-related periodontitis as an irAE was associated with better cancer survival and concomitant cutaneous irAEs.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.