MicroRNA (miRNA) 处理机制可能通过改变 miRNA 表达谱来降低原发性干燥综合征 (pSS) 的风险。炎症细胞因子和活性氧 (ROS) 也参与 pSS；然而，miRNA 表达改变在其发病机制中的作用仍不清楚。我们的目的是评估 miRNA 加工机器基因中单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 之间的关系，包括 XPO5 (rs11077)、RAN (rs14035)、Dicer (rs3742330)、TNRC6B (rs9623117)、GEMIN3 (rs197412) 和 GEMIN4 (rs2740348) ）以及女性患者发生 pSS 的风险。还评估了细胞因子和ROS与pSS易感SNP的潜在关联。对74名pSS女性患者和77名对照者通过聚合酶链反应连接酶检测反应证实的SNP进行基因分型。通过Student's t检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验、卡方检验、Pearson相关性检验和二元Logistic回归分析来分析关系。对于GEMIN3基因的rs197412，基因型TT携带者与增加2.172倍相关。与 CT CC 携带者相比，pSS 风险更高（比值比：2.172，95% CI，1.133-4.166，p=0.019）。同时，与 CT CC 基因型相比，pSS 易感 TT 携带者的干扰素-γ (IFN-γ) (P<0.001) 和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) (P=0.003) 水平升高相关女性 pSS 患者中的携带者。随后的分析还显示IFN-γ和TNF-α水平之间存在弱正相关（r=0.271，P=0.019）。GEMIN3 SNPs的预测因子可能通过介导miRNA的表达来改变女性pSS的发育，从而调节pSS的水平IFN-γ 和 TNF-α。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

MicroRNA (miRNA)-processing machinery may modify the risk of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) by altering miRNA expression profiles. Inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also involved in pSS; however, the role of altered miRNAs expression in its pathogenesis is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA processing machinery genes, including XPO5 (rs11077), RAN (rs14035), Dicer (rs3742330), TNRC6B (rs9623117), GEMIN3 (rs197412), and GEMIN4 (rs2740348), and the risk of pSS in female patients. The potential associations of cytokines and ROS with pSS-susceptible SNPs were also evaluated.The SNPs confirmed by polymerase chain reaction ligase detection reaction were genotyped in 74 female patients with pSS and 77 controls. The relationship was analyzed by Student's t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, chi-square test, Pearson's correlation test, and binary logistic regression analysis.For rs197412 of the GEMIN3 gene, the genotype TT carrier was associated with a 2.172-fold increased risk for pSS when compared with that of CT+CC carrier (odds ratio: 2.172, 95% CI, 1.133-4.166, p=0.019). Simultaneously, the pSS-susceptible TT carriers were associated with increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (P<0.001) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P=0.003) levels when compared with that of CT+CC genotype carriers in female patients with pSS. The subsequent analysis also showed a weak positive correlation between IFN-γ and TNF-α levels (r=0.271, P=0.019).The predictors of GEMIN3 SNPs might modify pSS development in females by mediating the expression of miRNAs and therefore regulate the levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.