旨在评估冷冻消融与部分肾切除术治疗 IA 期乳头状和嫌色肾细胞癌 (pRCC; chRCC) 患者的有效性。查询了 2004-2016 年国家癌症数据库，了解接受冷冻消融或部分肾切除术治疗的 IA 期 pRCC 或 chRCC 成年患者的情况。肾切除术。接受全身治疗或放疗的患者以及患有双侧肾细胞癌或既往恶性疾病的患者被排除在外。使用 Kaplan-Meier 图和 Cox 比例风险回归模型评估总生存期 (OS)。最近邻倾向匹配（1:1 冷冻消融：部分肾切除术，针对 pRCC 和 chRCC 进行分层）用于解释潜在的混杂因素。总共纳入了 11122 名 IA 期肾细胞癌患者（pRCC 8030；chRCC 3092）。 607 例 (5.5%) 患者进行了冷冻消融术，10515 例 (94.5%) 患者进行了部分肾切除术。在拥有非私人医疗保险的老年患者以及在美国特定地理区域的非学术中心接受治疗的直径较小的低级别 pRCC 患者中，冷冻消融治疗的可能性较高。在考虑混杂因素的倾向评分匹配后，pRCC 患者（HR = 1.3，95% CI：0.96-1.75，p = 0.09）和 chRCC 患者（HR = 1.38，95% CI：0.67-2.82，p = 0.38)。在考虑了混杂因素后，冷冻消融和部分肾切除术在 IA 期乳头状和嫌色肾细胞癌患者中显示出相当的 OS。对于这些组织学 RCC 亚型，当放射学怀疑或活检后诊断时，冷冻消融是替代部分肾切除术的合理治疗方法。对于乳头状和嫌色期 IA 肾细胞癌患者，冷冻消融可被视为替代部分肾切除术的前期治疗，因为这两种治疗方法产生可比的肿瘤学结果。 IA 期乳头状和嫌色肾细胞癌冷冻消融的使用有所增加。在国家癌症数据库中，我们发现了冷冻消融的具体使用模式。考虑到混杂因素后，冷冻消融和部分肾切除术显示出可比的结果。© 2024。作者。

To evaluate the effectiveness of cryoablation compared to partial nephrectomy in patients with stage IA papillary and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (pRCC; chRCC).The 2004-2016 National Cancer Database was queried for adult patients with stage IA pRCC or chRCC treated with cryoablation or partial nephrectomy. Patients receiving systemic therapy or radiotherapy, as well as those with bilateral RCC or prior malignant disease were excluded. Overall survival (OS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazard regression models. Nearest neighbor propensity matching (1:1 cryoablation:partial nephrectomy, stratified for pRCC and chRCC) was used to account for potential confounders.A total of 11122 stage IA renal cell carcinoma patients were included (pRCC 8030; chRCC 3092). Cryoablation was performed in 607 (5.5%) patients, and partial nephrectomy in 10515 (94.5%) patients. A higher likelihood of cryoablation treatment was observed in older patients with non-private healthcare insurance, as well as in those with smaller diameter low-grade pRCC treated at non-academic centers in specific US geographic regions. After propensity score matching to account for confounders, there was no statistically significant difference in OS comparing cryoablation vs partial nephrectomy in patients with pRCC (HR = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.96-1.75, p = 0.09) and those with chRCC (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.67-2.82, p = 0.38).After accounting for confounders, cryoablation, and partial nephrectomy demonstrated comparable OS in patients with stage IA papillary and chromophobe RCC. Cryoablation is a reasonable treatment alternative to partial nephrectomy for these histological RCC subtypes when radiologically suspected or diagnosed after biopsy.Cryoablation might be considered as an upfront treatment alternative to partial nephrectomy in patients with papillary and chromophobe stage IA renal cell carcinoma, as both treatment approaches yield comparable oncological outcomes.The utilization of cryoablation for stage IA papillary and chromophobe RCC increases. In the National Cancer Database, we found specific patterns of use of cryoablation. Cryoablation and partial nephrectomy demonstrate comparable outcomes after accounting for confounders.© 2024. The Author(s).