对于接受造血干细胞移植（HSCT）的儿童和青少年来说，摄入足够的蛋白质和能量对于减轻营养不良风险至关重要。然而，人们对最佳需求知之甚少，包括该人群充足的膳食蛋白质摄入量。我们进行了一项国际基准调查和范围审查，以探索确定蛋白质需求 (PR) 的当前实践，并检查儿科 HSCT 中 PR 和膳食蛋白质摄入量的现有证据。对 12 个儿科肿瘤中心进行了调查，以得出确定儿科 PR 的当前实践造血干细胞移植。然后，范围界定审查从六个数据库（MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、PubMed、Cochrane Library 和 Web of Science）和灰色文献（Google Scholar）收集了证据来源。调查数据揭示了在确定儿科 HSCT 患者 PR 时的不同做法。四个中心 (44%) 使用美国肠外和肠内营养学会 (ASPEN) 2009 年儿科危重患者营养支持指南，四个中心 (44%) 使用当地指南或其国家营养参考值 (NRV)。范围界定审查包括十九项研究。该审查强调了该人群使用的 PR 范围广泛，范围从 0.8 至 3.0 g/kg/天。关于收集蛋白质摄入数据的记录和频率的做法各不相同。只有五项研究报告了估计的蛋白质需求 (EPR) 状态，并且只有两项研究达到了 EPR。尚未确定儿科 HSCT 中 PR 的临床指南。鉴于现有证据差距，接受 HSCT 的儿童和青少年所需的最佳蛋白质量仍然未知。为了建立具体的、基于证据的公关指南，需要进行全面的研究。未来的研究应优先评估当前的临床实践，评估实际蛋白质摄入量和 EPR 之间的差距，并了解蛋白质摄入量、蛋白质状态和对治疗结果的影响之间的关系。解决这些研究重点对于弥合当前的证据差距至关重要，从而能够为接受 HSCT 的儿童和青少年提供增强的个性化营养支持。Crown 版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。保留所有权利。

For children and adolescents undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), adequate protein and energy intake is essential to mitigate malnutrition risk. However, little is known about optimal requirements, including adequate dietary protein intake in this population. We conducted an international benchmarking survey and a scoping review to explore current practices in determining protein requirements (PR) and examine existing evidence for PR and dietary protein intake in pediatric HSCT.Twelve pediatric oncology centers were surveyed to elicit current practices in determining PR in pediatric HSCT. A scoping review then collected sources of evidence from six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) and grey literature (Google Scholar).Survey data revealed variable practices in determining PR for pediatric HSCT patients. Four centers (44%) used the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Nutrition Support in Pediatric Critically Ill Patient Guidelines 2009 and four (44%) used local guidelines or their national nutrient reference values (NRV). The scoping review included nineteen studies. The review highlighted a broad range of PR used in this population, ranging from 0.8 to 3.0 g/kg/d. Practices regarding the documentation and frequency of collecting protein intake data varied. Only five studies reported estimated protein requirement (EPR) status and just two studies met EPR. No clinical guidelines on PR in pediatric HSCT were identified.Given the existing gap in evidence, the optimal amount of protein required for children and adolescents undergoing HSCT remains unknown. To establish specific, evidence-based PR guidelines, comprehensive research is needed. Future investigations should prioritize evaluating current clinical practices, assessing the gap between actual protein intake and EPR, and understanding the relationship between protein intake, protein status, and the impact on treatment outcomes. Addressing these research priorities is crucial for bridging the current evidence gap, thereby enabling the development of enhanced and personalized nutritional support for children and adolescents undergoing HSCT.Crown Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.