免疫细胞疗法是一类新兴的活体药物，依赖于治疗性转基因的传递来增强、调节或恢复细胞功能，例如编码肿瘤靶向受体或替代蛋白的细胞功能。然而，许多细胞免疫疗法都是自体治疗，受到高制造成本、典型的静脉间时间为 3-4 周以及严重的免疫相关副作用的限制。为了解决这些问题，正在开发不同类别的基因递送载体来靶向体内特定的免疫细胞亚群，以解决离体制造的局限性，调节原位治疗反应，并减少靶向和脱靶毒性。体内基因递送至免疫细胞的成功——正在临床前和临床开发阶段进行测试，用于治疗癌症、传染病和自身免疫——对于细胞免疫疗法的民主化至关重要。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。

Immune cell therapies are an emerging class of living drugs that rely on the delivery of therapeutic transgenes to enhance, modulate, or restore cell function, such as those that encode for tumor-targeting receptors or replacement proteins. However, many cellular immunotherapies are autologous treatments that are limited by high manufacturing costs, typical vein-to-vein time of 3-4 weeks, and severe immune-related adverse effects. To address these issues, different classes of gene delivery vehicles are being developed to target specific immune cell subsets in vivo to address the limitations of ex vivo manufacturing, modulate therapeutic responses in situ, and reduce on- and off-target toxicity. The success of in vivo gene delivery to immune cells - which is being tested at the preclinical and clinical stages of development for the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity - is paramount for the democratization of cellular immunotherapies.Published by Elsevier Ltd.