尽管近几十年来癌症治疗取得了重大进展，但与肺癌相关的高死亡率仍然是一个重大问题。新靶向疗法的开发和正确执行需要对肺癌相关肿瘤微环境有更深入的了解。肿瘤微环境的关键组成部分之一是肺驻留巨噬细胞。尽管在正常生理条件下，肺常驻巨噬细胞被认为可以维持肺稳态，但它们也可能在异常条件下引发与肺癌发展相关的恶性炎症反应。根据激活途径，肺驻留巨噬细胞为 M1 或 M2 亚型。从表型标记到代谢途径，M1 和 M2 亚型在各种招股说明书中存在显着差异。除了这种广义分类之外，多组学技术的最新进展能够识别肺驻留巨噬细胞的一些其他亚型。研究人员还观察到，这些不同的亚型可以以环境依赖性方式操纵肺癌的发病机制，并且在接受适当的激活后可以促进或抑制肺癌的发展。由于对肺驻留巨噬细胞在肺癌发生过程中所起作用的正确了解有限，因此本次综述的主要目的是将所有可用信息集中在同一屋檐下。我们还详细阐述了维持 M1/M2 亚型可塑性的不同机制，因为这种可塑性可以成为肺癌治疗的良好靶标。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

Despite significant advancements in cancer treatment in recent decades, the high mortality rate associated with lung cancer remains a significant concern. The development and proper execution of new targeted therapies needs more deep knowledge regarding the lung cancer associated tumour microenvironment. One of the key component of that tumour microenvironment is the lung resident macrophages. Although in normal physiological condition the lung resident macrophages are believed to maintain lung homeostasis, but they may also initiate a vicious inflammatory response in abnormal conditions which is linked to lung cancer development. Depending on the activation pathway, the lung resident macrophages are either of M1 or M2 sub-type. The M1 and M2 sub-types differ significantly in various prospectuses, from phenotypic markers to metabolic pathways. In addition to this generalized classification, the recent advancement of the multiomics technology is able to identify some other sub-types of lung resident macrophages. Researchers have also observed that these different sub-types can manipulate the pathogenesis of lung carcinogenesis in a context dependent manner and can either promote or inhibit the development of lung carcinogenesis upon receiving proper activation. As proper knowledge about the role played by the lung resident macrophages' in shaping the lung carcinogenesis is limited so the main purpose of this review is to bring all the available information under the same roof. We also elaborated the different mechanisms involved in maintenance of the plasticity of M1/M2 sub-type as this plasticity can be a good target for lung cancer treatment.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.