真皮成熟区痣细胞表达雪旺特征的机制和功能尚不清楚。早期生长反应3（EGR3）通过模拟痣成熟的过程，诱导黑色素瘤细胞向雪旺细胞样分化，从而导致细胞强烈的表型转变，包括长突起的形成以及细胞运动、增殖的降低，和黑色素的产生。同时，EGR3 通过与非严格保守基序结合，分别通过 SRY-box 转录因子 10 (SOX10) 依赖和独立机制调节髓磷脂零蛋白 (MPZ) 和 I 型胶原 α 1 链 (COL1A1) 的水平。雪旺细胞样分化在体内和临床研究中都显示出显着的益处。最后，开发了一种 CD86-P2A-EGR3 重组 mRNA 疫苗，通过强制细胞分化和增强免疫浸润来控制肿瘤。总之，这些数据支持重组 mRNA 作为癌症治疗方法的进一步开发。© 2024 作者。 《Advanced Science》由 Wiley‐VCH GmbH 出版。

The mechanism and function of the expression of Schwann characteristics by nevus cells in the mature zone of the dermis are unknown. Early growth response 3 (EGR3) induces Schwann cell-like differentiation of melanoma cells by simulating the process of nevus maturation, which leads to a strong phenotypic transformation of the cells, including the formation of long protrusions and a decrease in cell motility, proliferation, and melanin production. Meanwhile, EGR3 regulates the levels of myelin protein zero (MPZ) and collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) through SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10)-dependent and independent mechanisms, by binding to non-strictly conserved motifs, respectively. Schwann cell-like differentiation demonstrates significant benefits in both in vivo and clinical studies. Finally, a CD86-P2A-EGR3 recombinant mRNA vaccine is developed which leads to tumor control through forced cell differentiation and enhanced immune infiltration. Together, these data support further development of the recombinant mRNA as a treatment for cancer.© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.