从天麻中提取多糖葡聚糖，并研究其结构特征和对急性右旋糖酐硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的溃疡性结肠炎的有益作用。结果表明，从G. elata Blume中分离得到分子量为811.0kDa的多糖GP。它具有 α-D-1,4-连接的葡聚糖主链，以及与 C-6 位连接的 α-D-葡萄糖分支。 GP对DSS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎表现出保护作用，反映在改善小鼠体重减轻和病理损伤、增加结肠长度、抑制炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-1β（IL- 1β)，降低小鼠结肠组织中炎症相关蛋白 NLRP3 和 ASC 的水平，并提高抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素 10 (IL-10) 的水平。补充 GP 还可以通过促进结肠组织 ZO-1、Occludin 和 MUC2 的表达来增强肠道屏障，并积极调节肠道微生物群。由此可见，GP治疗对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎有显着改善，有望开发为功能性食品。版权所有©2024。Elsevier B.V.出版。

The polysaccharide glucan was extracted from Gastrodia elata Blume, and its structural characterizations and beneficial effects against acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis were investigated. The results showed that a polysaccharide GP with a molecular weight of 811.0 kDa was isolated from G. elata Blume. It had a backbone of α-D-1,4-linked glucan with branches of α-d-glucose linked to the C-6 position. GP exhibited protective effects against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, and reflected in ameliorating weight loss and pathological damages in mice, increasing colon length, inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), decreasing the levels of inflammatory related proteins NLRP3 and ASC, and elevating the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) level in mouse colon tissues. GP supplementation also reinforced the intestinal barrier by promoting the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and MUC2 of colon tissues, and positively regulated intestinal microbiota. Thus, GP treatment possessed a significant improvement in ulcerative colitis in mice, and it was expected to be developed as a functional food.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.