肺癌 (LC) 是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，也是男性和女性中第二常见的癌症。除吸烟外，其他危险因素，如环境烟草烟雾、空气污染、生物质燃烧、氡气、职业暴露、肺病、癌症家族史、地理变异和遗传因素，在 LC 的发生中也发挥着重要作用。目前的筛查指南和资格标准在识别 LC 病例 (50%) 方面的功效有限，因为大多数筛查计划主要针对以吸烟史为主要危险因素的受试者。对从不吸烟的人 (PNS) 实施 LC 筛查计划可以显着影响癌症特异性生存和早期疾病检测。然而，有关此类计划的可行性和有效性的现有证据有限。因此，有必要对 PNS 中的 LC 筛查进行进一步研究，以确定准确识别应纳入筛查计划的个人的必要技术。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier B.V。保留所有权利。

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the second most common cancer in both men and women. In addition to smoking, other risk factors, such as environmental tobacco smoke, air pollution, biomass combustion, radon gas, occupational exposure, lung disease, family history of cancer, geographic variability, and genetic factors, play an essential role in developing LC. Current screening guidelines and eligibility criteria have limited efficacy in identifying LC cases (50%), as most screening programs primarily target subjects with a smoking history as the leading risk factor. Implementing LC screening programs in people who have never smoked (PNS) can significantly impact cancer-specific survival and early disease detection. However, the available evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of such programs is limited. Therefore, further research on LC screening in PNS is warranted to determine the necessary techniques for accurately identifying individuals who should be included in screening programs.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.