急性白血病是儿童最常见的造血干细胞恶性肿瘤，居儿童肿瘤发病率的首位，是影响儿童生长和生存的重大疾病。随着医疗诊疗水平的不断提高和免疫治疗的广泛发展，急性白血病患儿的生存率和生活质量得到显着提高。近年来，我国成立了三个儿童白血病合作组，发表了一系列高水平研究成果。未来应努力推进儿童急性白血病诊疗的标准化、同质化进程，探索敏感残留病的监测目标，寻找难治/复发病例的最佳治疗方案。加快新药临床研究将是儿童急性白血病诊疗领域亟待解决的问题和发展方向。

Acute leukemia is the most common hematopoietic stem cell malignant tumor in children, which ranks in the top one of the incidence of tumor in children, it is a major disease that affects the growth and survival of children. With the continuous improvement of medical diagnosis and treatment and the extensive development of immunotherapy, the survival rate and quality of life of children with acute leukemia have been significantly improved. In recent years, three cooperative groups of childhood leukemia have been established in China, and a series of high-level research results have been published. In the future, efforts should be made to promote the process of standardization and homogenization in the diagnosis and treatment of children's acute leukemia, explore the monitoring targets of sensitive residual diseases, and find the best treatment for refractory/recurrent cases. Speeding up the clinical research of new drugs will be an urgent problem and development direction in the field of acute leukemia diagnosis and treatment in children.