简介：胃肠道是防御外部污染物不可或缺的一部分，具有一系列复杂的免疫、物理、化学和微生物屏障。霉菌毒素是真菌的有毒代谢物，广泛存在于动物饲料和人类食品中，带来巨大的健康风险。方法：本综述探讨了天然产物对霉菌中毒的药理学、毒理学和微生物学影响，特别关注肠道-x 轴。该分析综合了目前的认识，探索了富含多糖、多酚、黄酮类化合物和皂苷的天然产物的作用。结果：该综述强调霉菌毒素可以破坏肠道完整性、改变炎症反应、破坏粘液层并扰乱细菌平衡。这些毒素的影响广泛，可能损害免疫系统、肝脏、肾脏和皮肤，并与癌症、荷尔蒙变化、基因突变、出血、出生缺陷和神经系统问题等严重疾病有关。天然产物已显示出潜在的抗癌、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、免疫调节和抗毒特性。讨论：该综述强调了针对肠道微生物调节的新兴治疗策略。它确定了知识差距并提出了未来的研究方向，以加深我们对天然产品在肠道 X 轴健康中的作用的理解，并减轻霉菌毒素引起的疾病对全球健康的影响。版权所有 © 2024 Li, Wang, Qu, Ahmed, Enneb,奥贝达特、刘、黛西、金、亚当和蔡。

Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract is integral to defending against external contaminants, featuring a complex array of immunological, physical, chemical, and microbial barriers. Mycotoxins, which are toxic metabolites from fungi, are pervasive in both animal feed and human food, presenting substantial health risks. Methods: This review examines the pharmacological, toxicological, and microbiological impacts of natural products on mycotoxicosis, with a particular focus on the gut-x axis. The analysis synthesizes current understanding and explores the role of natural products rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins. Results: The review highlights that mycotoxins can disrupt intestinal integrity, alter inflammatory responses, damage the mucus layer, and disturb the bacterial balance. The toxins' effects are extensive, potentially harming the immune system, liver, kidneys, and skin, and are associated with serious conditions such as cancer, hormonal changes, genetic mutations, bleeding, birth defects, and neurological issues. Natural products have shown potential anticancer, anti-tumor, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitoxic properties. Discussion: The review underscores the emerging therapeutic strategy of targeting gut microbial modulation. It identifies knowledge gaps and suggests future research directions to deepen our understanding of natural products' role in gut-x axis health and to mitigate the global health impact of mycotoxin-induced diseases.Copyright © 2024 Li, Wang, Qu, Ahmed, Enneb, Obeidat, Liu, Dessie, Kim, Adam and Cai.