免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）联合化疗已成为局部晚期或转移性食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）的一线标准治疗方法。证据还表明，化疗与 ICI 延迟给药相结合可改善协同效应。在本研究中，我们对紫杉醇联合铂类（TP）化疗联合延迟给药PD-1抑制剂对ESCC患者的治疗效果进行了回顾性研究。ESCC患者术后3-5天接受PD-1抑制剂的临床数据回顾性评价2019年1月至2023年4月期间TP化疗作为一线治疗的情况，分析临床结果和治疗安全性。研究了中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率（NLR）、血小板与淋巴细胞比率（PLR）、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比率（MLR）和泛免疫炎症值（PIV）的潜在作用。 34 名局部晚期、复发或转移性 ESCC 患者在 TP 化疗后 3-5 天接受 PD-1 抑制剂治疗。客观缓解率（ORR）和疾病控制率（DCR）分别为85.3%和97.1%。中位无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）分别为 13.2 个月和 19.1 个月。 7 名患者接受根治性手术，1 名患者获得病理完全缓解（pCR），3 名患者获得主要病理缓解（MPR）。 27 名未接受手术的患者中，中位 PFS 和 OS 分别为 9.7 个月和 19.1 个月。更有利的预后与免疫化疗第 3 个和第 4 个周期的 NLR 小于 3 相关。未观察到其他参数（PLR、MLR 和 PIV）与预后之间存在显着相关性。共有22例患者出现3-4级毒性事件。TP化疗后3-5天给予PD-1抑制剂的优化序列作为ESCC的一线治疗显示出良好的治疗效果。在免疫化疗的第 3 个和第 4 个周期中，治疗前 NLR 低于 3 与更好的预后相关。© 2024 Shen 等人。

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy have become the first-line standard treatment for locally advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The evidence also demonstrates improved synergistic effects of chemotherapy when combined with delayed administration of ICIs. In this study, we conducted a retrospective investigation into the treatment efficacy of taxol plus platinum (TP) chemotherapy combined with delayed administration of PD-1 inhibitors for ESCC patients.Clinical data of ESCC patients who received PD-1 inhibitors 3-5 days after TP chemotherapy as first-line treatment was retrospectively reviewed between January 2019 and April 2023. Clinical outcomes and treatment safety were analyzed. The potential roles of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) were investigated.A total of 34 locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic ESCC patients received PD-1 inhibitors 3-5 days following TP chemotherapy were included. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 85.3% and 97.1% respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 13.2 and 19.1 month respectively. Seven patients received radical surgery, 1 patient achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) and 3 patients achieved major pathologic response (MPR). Among the 27 patients without surgery, the median PFS and OS were 9.7 and 19.1 month respectively. A more favorable prognosis was correlated with NLR less than 3 at the 3rd and 4th cycle of immunochemotherapy. No significant correlations between other parameters (PLR, MLR and PIV) and prognosis were observed. A total of 22 patients developed grade 3-4 toxicity events.The optimized sequence of PD-1 inhibitors administered 3-5 days after TP chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of ESCC demonstrated favorable treatment efficacy. Pretreatment NLR of less than 3 at the 3rd and 4th cycle of immunochemotherapy is associated with a better prognosis.© 2024 Shen et al.