结直肠癌（CRC）是一种常见的胃肠道（GIT）癌症，对人类健康构成巨大威胁。目前转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）的治疗策略主要集中于化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗和放疗；然而，其不良反应和耐药性限制了其临床应用。纳米技术的进步使脂质纳米颗粒 (LNP) 成为一种有前景的基于纳米材料的药物递送系统，用于 CRC 治疗。 LNP 可以通过修改其配方来适应 CRC 的生物学特性，从而能够选择性地将药物递送到癌症组织。它们克服了传统疗法的局限性，例如水溶性差、非特异性生物分布和生物利用度有限。在此，我们回顾了用于 CRC 治疗的 LNP 的组成和靶向策略。随后，总结了这些纳米颗粒在结直肠癌治疗中的应用，包括药物递送、热疗和基于核酸的基因治疗，并提供了实例。最后一部分概述了 LNP 在 CRC 治疗中的优势、当前局限性和前景。© 2024 张等人。

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer and poses an enormous threat to human health. Current strategies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) therapy primarily focus on chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy; however, their adverse reactions and drug resistance limit their clinical application. Advances in nanotechnology have rendered lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) a promising nanomaterial-based drug delivery system for CRC therapy. LNPs can adapt to the biological characteristics of CRC by modifying their formulation, enabling the selective delivery of drugs to cancer tissues. They overcome the limitations of traditional therapies, such as poor water solubility, nonspecific biodistribution, and limited bioavailability. Herein, we review the composition and targeting strategies of LNPs for CRC therapy. Subsequently, the applications of these nanoparticles in CRC treatment including drug delivery, thermal therapy, and nucleic acid-based gene therapy are summarized with examples provided. The last section provides a glimpse into the advantages, current limitations, and prospects of LNPs in the treatment of CRC.© 2024 Zhang et al.