过去几十年来，科学文献中发表的许多针对人类和实验动物的研究都评估了滑石粉的潜在致癌性，其中许多研究报告称接触滑石粉与任何类型的癌症之间没有关联。为了充分了解有关滑石粉诱发人类癌症的潜力的科学现状，我们对现有的实验动物和机制证据进行了全面、系统的审查（结合对同伴中流行病学证据的系统审查）分析）以评估其是否支持滑石粉对人类致癌。我们考虑了研究质量及其对结果解释的影响，并评估了所有类型的癌症和所有暴露途径。我们还评估了滑石粉在体内迁移到潜在肿瘤部位的可能性的证据。我们确定了 7 项实验动物致癌性研究和 11 项滑石粉机理研究，以进行系统评价。我们发现滑石粉的一些实验动物致癌性研究存在局限性，妨碍了它们检测肿瘤发病率增加的敏感性。无论如何，这些研究涵盖了多种暴露途径、物种和暴露持续时间，并且没有一项研究表明滑石粉对实验动物是一种致癌物，但在极高暴露条件下的大鼠除外，这可能导致肺颗粒超载，这是高暴露于滑石粉的一种非特异性效应。难溶性颗粒，并且不来自滑石粉的任何致癌特性。仅在大鼠中观察到导致肺肿瘤形成的肺颗粒超载，而在包括人类在内的任何其他物种中未观察到。机理研究表明，滑石粉不具有遗传毒性或致突变性，但可引起一些可能导致致癌途径事件的影响，主要是在高暴露量或体内暴露相关性不明确的体外研究中，但这些影响并不存在。跨研究和细胞类型一致。对滑石粉的实验动物致癌性和机制证据的系统回顾表明，滑石粉暴露与人类癌症之间不会存在关联。滑石粉对除大鼠以外的任何物种均不具有致癌性，并且仅当暴露条件足够高以引起肺部颗粒超负荷时，这与人类暴露无关。

The potential carcinogenicity of talc has been evaluated in many studies in humans and experimental animals published in the scientific literature over the last several decades, with a number of these studies reporting no associations between talc exposure and any type of cancer. In order to fully understand the current state of the science regarding the potential for talc to induce human cancers, we conducted a comprehensive and systematic review of the available experimental animal and mechanistic evidence (in conjunction with a systematic review of the epidemiology evidence in a companion analysis) to evaluate whether it supports talc as being carcinogenic to humans. We considered study quality and its impact on the interpretation of results and evaluated all types of cancer and all exposure routes. We also evaluated the evidence on the potential for talc to migrate in the body to potential tumor sites. We identified seven experimental animal carcinogenicity studies and 11 mechanistic studies of talc to systematically review. We found that several of the experimental animal carcinogenicity studies of talc have limitations that preclude their sensitivity to detect increases in tumor incidence. Regardless, the studies cover multiple exposure routes, species, and exposure durations, and none indicate that talc is a carcinogen in experimental animals except in rats under conditions of extremely high exposure that likely resulted in lung particle overload, a nonspecific effect of high exposures to poorly soluble particles, and not from any carcinogenic properties of talc. Lung particle overload leading to lung tumor formation has only been observed in rats and not in any other species, including humans. The mechanistic studies indicate that talc is not genotoxic or mutagenic, but can induce some effects that could be events on a possible pathway to carcinogenicity, mainly at high exposures or in in vitro studies with exposures of unclear relevance in vivo, but these effects are not consistent across studies and cell types. This systematic review of the experimental animal carcinogenicity and mechanistic evidence for talc indicates that an association between talc exposure and cancer is not expected in humans. Talc carcinogenicity is not plausible in any species except rats, and only when the exposure conditions are high enough to induce lung particle overload, which is not relevant to human exposures.