眼表面鳞状细胞瘤（OSSN）是一种常见的眼表面肿瘤，其特征是眼表面异常细胞的生长。 OSSN包括侵袭性鳞状细胞癌（SCC），其中肿瘤细胞穿透基底膜并浸润基质，以及非侵袭性结膜上皮内瘤变、不典型增生和原位鳞状细胞癌，从而对早期检测和诊断提出了挑战。早期识别和精确划分 OSSN 边界可以实现简单而有效的治疗，例如外用药物，而晚期侵袭性病变可能需要眼眶切除术，这会带来死亡风险。人工智能 (AI) 已成为眼保健领域的一种有前景的工具，并在 OSSN 管理中具有应用潜力。在大型数据集上训练的人工智能算法可以分析眼表图像，识别与 OSSN 相关的可疑病变，帮助眼科医生进行早期检测和诊断。人工智能还可以跟踪和监测病变随时间的进展，提供客观的测量结果来指导治疗决策。此外，人工智能可以根据患者数据提供个性化建议并预测治疗反应，从而协助制定治疗计划。本手稿强调了人工智能在 OSSN 中的作用，特别关注其在早期检测和诊断、病变进展评估、治疗计划、远程医疗和远程监控以及研究和数据分析方面的贡献。©作者 2024。出版者百事登出版集团有限公司版权所有。

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a common eye surface tumour, characterized by the growth of abnormal cells on the ocular surface. OSSN includes invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), in which tumour cells penetrate the basement membrane and infiltrate the stroma, as well as non-invasive conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia, dysplasia, and SCC in-situ thereby presenting a challenge in early detection and diagnosis. Early identification and precise demarcation of the OSSN border leads to straightforward and curative treatments, such as topical medicines, whereas advanced invasive lesions may need orbital exenteration, which carries a risk of death. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in the field of eye care and holds potential for its application in OSSN management. AI algorithms trained on large datasets can analyze ocular surface images to identify suspicious lesions associated with OSSN, aiding ophthalmologists in early detection and diagnosis. AI can also track and monitor lesion progression over time, providing objective measurements to guide treatment decisions. Furthermore, AI can assist in treatment planning by offering personalized recommendations based on patient data and predicting the treatment response. This manuscript highlights the role of AI in OSSN, specifically focusing on its contributions in early detection and diagnosis, assessment of lesion progression, treatment planning, telemedicine and remote monitoring, and research and data analysis.©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.