这篇全面的综述旨在为各种癌症的最新进展和正在进行的硼中子捕获疗法 (BNCT) 试验提供独特的临床视角。我们批判性地分析了头颈癌、胶质母细胞瘤、黑色素瘤、脑膜瘤、乳腺癌的 BNCT 试验的临床数据和肝脏肿瘤。我们研究了试验中肿瘤反应和正常组织毒性的差异，并讨论了潜在的影响因素。我们还确定了早期 BNCT 试验的局限性，并提出了优化未来试验设计的策略。BNCT 在治疗头颈癌方面显示出有希望的结果，具有高缓解率并提高了复发性疾病患者的生存率。在胶质母细胞瘤中，与标准治疗相比，BNCT 结合手术和化疗已证明具有生存优势。 BNCT 还已成功用于治疗复发性高级别脑膜瘤，并显示出治疗黑色素瘤、乳房外佩吉特病和肝脏肿瘤的潜力。然而，在试验中观察到肿瘤反应和毒性的差异，这可能归因于治疗方案、患者特征和评估方法的差异。BNCT 是一种有前景的针对各种癌症的靶向放疗。需要进一步优化和精心设计的随机对照试验来确定其有效性和安全性。未来的研究应侧重于标准化治疗方案并解决局限性，以指导临床决策和研究重点。

This comprehensive review aims to provide a unique clinical perspective on the latest advances and ongoing boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) trials for various cancers.We critically analyzed clinical data from BNCT trials for head and neck cancer, glioblastoma, melanoma, meningioma, breast cancer, and liver tumors. We investigated differences in tumor responses and normal tissue toxicities among trials and discussed potential contributing factors. We also identified the limitations of early BNCT trials and proposed strategies to optimize future trial design.BNCT has shown promising results in treating head and neck cancer, with high response rates and improved survival in patients with recurrent disease. In glioblastoma, BNCT combined with surgery and chemotherapy has demonstrated survival benefits compared to standard treatments. BNCT has also been successfully used for recurrent high-grade meningiomas and shows potential for melanomas, extramammary Paget's disease, and liver tumors. However, differences in tumor responses and toxicities were observed among trials, potentially attributable to variations in treatment protocols, patient characteristics, and evaluation methods.BNCT is a promising targeted radiotherapy for various cancers. Further optimization and well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to establish its efficacy and safety. Future studies should focus on standardizing treatment protocols and addressing limitations to guide clinical decision-making and research priorities.