对检查非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 的临床试验进行系统回顾，以更好地了解女性在肺癌研究中的公平性。对 2010 年至 2020 年间发表的所有 NSCLC 临床试验进行了电子检索，其中包括词语“癌，非小细胞，肺癌”和“非小细胞肺癌”。来自 PubMed、Cochrane 和 SCOPUS 的研究均被纳入并上传到 Covidence 以协助系统审查。所有文章均由两个独立的个人进行筛选，并审查地点、研究类型、癌症阶段、研究团队的研究领域以及女性百分比。学生 t 检验用于比较男性和女性的平均值。在符合纳入标准的 269 项研究中，入组的女性人数少于男性（38.7% 对比 61.1%；p < 0.0001）。与 2010 年至 2015 年的研究相比，2016 年至 2020 年的研究中女性比例更高（分别为 36.7% 和 41.4%，p = 0.0091）。非手术和手术研究纳入的女性患者均少于男性患者（分别为 38.1% vs. 61.7%，p < 0.0001；43.1% vs. 57.2%，p = 0.0002）。美国的临床试验中性别差异最小，平均有 46.7% 的女性参加。与男性相比，参与早期 NSCLC 试验的女性人数较少（女性 37.6%，男性 62.6%，p < 0.0001）和晚期 NSCLC 试验（女性 37.6%，男性 62.0%，p < 0.0001）。尽管最近有所改善，在 NSCLC 临床试验中，与男性相比，女性的代表性仍然明显不足。© 2024。外科肿瘤学会。

To perform a systematic review of clinical trials examining non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to better understand the equity afforded to women in the study of lung cancer.An electronic search was conducted for all NSCLC clinical trials published between 2010 and 2020 with included words "carcinoma, non-small cell, lung" and "non-small cell lung cancer." Studies from PubMed, Cochrane, and SCOPUS were included and were uploaded into Covidence to assist with systematic review. All articles were screened by two separate individuals and reviewed for location, study type, cancer stage, field of study of the research team, and percentage of females included. Student's t-test was used to compare the means of males and females.Across the 269 studies that met inclusion criteria, fewer females than males were enrolled (38.7% vs. 61.1%; p < 0.0001). Compared with studies from 2010 to 2015, those from 2016 to 2020 had greater representation of females (36.7% vs. 41.4%, p = 0.0091, respectively). Both nonsurgical and surgical studies enrolled fewer female than male patients (38.1% vs. 61.7%, p < 0.0001; 43.1% vs. 57.2%, p = 0.0002, respectively). Clinical trials from the USA had the least difference between sexes with an average of 46.7% females enrolled. Less females compared with males were enrolled in early-stage NSCLC (37.6% female vs. 62.6% male, p < 0.0001) and late-stage NSCLC trials (37.6% female vs. 62.0% male, p < 0.0001).Despite recent improvement, there continues to be significant underrepresentation of females compared with males in NSCLC clinical trials.© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.