对于没有突变驱动基因的甲状腺未分化癌（ATC）患者，建议将化疗作为一线治疗选择。然而，化疗治疗 ATC 的益处有限。在本次分析中，我们收集了自 2010 年以来报告的前瞻性数据，以全面分析 ATC 中新兴的基于化疗的治疗方法。对于此更新的分析，我们检索了 2010 年 1 月 1 日以来的 PubMed (MEDLINE)、Web of Science、Embase 和 Cochrane CENTRAL 数据库至 2024 年 2 月 7 日进行包含基于化疗的治疗的前瞻性临床研究。该分析旨在汇总总生存期 (OS)、无进展生存期 (PFS)、客观缓解率 (ORR)、疾病控制率 (DCR) 和 3 级或更严重的治疗相关不良事件 (TRAE)。 六种前瞻性纳入了 232 名患者的临床试验。化疗通常与靶向治疗或放射治疗相结合。接受化疗策略的 ATC 患者的汇总中位 OS 为 6.0 个月（95% CI 4.1-9.7），中位 PFS 为 3.2 个月（95% CI 1.9-6.0）。综合 ORR 和 DCR 分别为 21% (95% CI 15%-27%) 和 64% (95% CI 55%-72%)。对于3级或更严重的TRAE，汇总发生率为68%（95% CI 47%-86%）。尽管新兴的基于化疗的治疗在ATC患者中显示出抗肿瘤活性，但这些策略未能大幅延长生存时间。针对 ATC 患者更实用、更安全、更新颖的治疗方案值得进一步研究。版权所有 © 2024 Wang、Lin、Kuang 和 Cao。

For patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) without mutational driver genes, chemotherapy is suggested to be the first-line treatment option. However, the benefits of chemotherapy in treating ATC are limited. In this analysis, we collected the prospective data reported since 2010 to analyze the emerging chemotherapy-based treatments in ATC comprehensively.For this updated analysis, we searched PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from 1 January 2010 to 7 February 2024 for prospective clinical studies that contained chemotherapy-based treatments. This analysis was done to pool overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORRs), disease control rates (DCRs), and grade 3 or worse treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs).Six prospective clinical trials with 232 patients were included. Chemotherapy was commonly combined with targeted therapy or radiotherapy. The pooled median OS was 6.0 months (95% CI 4.1-9.7), and the median PFS was 3.2 months (95% CI 1.9-6.0) in patients with ATC who received chemotherapy-based strategies. The integrated ORR and DCR were 21% (95% CI 15%-27%) and 64% (95% CI 55%-72%), respectively. Regarding the grade 3 or worse TRAE, the pooled incidence was 68% (95% CI 47%-86%).Although the emerging chemotherapy-based treatments showed antitumor activity in patients with ATC, these strategies failed to prolong the survival time substantially. More practical, safe, and novel therapeutic regimens for patients with ATC warrant further investigations.Copyright © 2024 Wang, Lin, Kuang and Cao.