饮食因素在胃肠道癌症的病因学中发挥着重要作用。我们的目的是估算 2018 年韩国 20 岁及以上成年人可归因于饮食因素的胃癌和结直肠癌负担。2000 年的膳食摄入量是使用 2001 年、2005 年和 2007-2018 年韩国国家癌症研究所的数据估算的。健康和营养检查调查（KNHANES）。对于反事实情景，如果有的话，将使用全球疾病负担 (GBD) 研究建议的最佳摄入水平。否则，使用全球已发表研究中参考组的平均摄入量值。通过韩国研究的剂量反应荟萃分析汇总相对风险 (RR)。20​​18 年，韩国估计有 18.6% 的胃癌病例和 34.9% 的结直肠癌病例归因于所评估的饮食因素的综合影响。大量摄入咸菜占胃癌病例的16.0%，其次是咸鱼，占2.4%。全谷物（16.6%）和牛奶（13.7%）摄入量低是结直肠癌病例的主要原因，其次是加工肉类（3.1%）和红肉（5.9%）摄入量高，以及膳食纤维摄入量低（ 0.5%）。这些结果表明，在韩国，相当一部分胃癌和结直肠癌的发病率可以通过健康的饮食习惯来预防。然而，还需要进一步研究来确认韩国饮食因素与胃癌和结直肠癌之间的关联，并为韩国人制定和应用有效的癌症预防策略。2024 胃肠肿瘤学杂志。版权所有。

Dietary factors play a role in the etiology of gastrointestinal cancer. We aimed to estimate the burden of gastric and colorectal cancer that can be attributable to dietary factors in adults aged 20 years and older in Korea in 2018.Dietary intakes in 2000 were estimated using data from the 2001, 2005, and 2007-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). For counterfactual scenarios, the optimal level of intake suggested by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study was used if it was available. Otherwise, the average intake values of reference groups among published studies globally were used. Relative risks (RRs) were pooled through dose-response meta-analyses of Korean studies.In Korea in 2018, an estimated 18.6% of gastric cancer cases and 34.9% of colorectal cancer cases were attributed to the combined effect of evaluated dietary factors. High intake of salted vegetables accounted for 16.0% of gastric cancer cases, followed by salted fish at 2.4%. Low intakes of whole grains (16.6%) and milk (13.7%) were leading contributors to colorectal cancer cases, followed by high intakes of processed meat (3.1%) and red meat (5.9%), and a low intake of dietary fiber (0.5%).These results suggest that a considerable proportion of gastric and colorectal cancer incidence might be preventable by healthy dietary habits in Korea. However, further research is needed to confirm the associations between dietary factors and gastric and colorectal cancers in Korea and to formulate and apply effective cancer prevention strategies to Koreans.2024 Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology. All rights reserved.