靶向蛋白质降解（TPD）作为一种利用小分子降解引起疾病的蛋白质的治疗方法正在迅速兴起。 TPD 可以选择性去除致病蛋白，包括蛋白酶体介导的降解、溶酶体介导的降解和自噬介导的降解。这种方法在临床前研究中显示出巨大的前景，目前正在转化为治疗多种疾病，包括神经退行性疾病、传染病和癌症。本综述讨论了 TPD 的最新进展及其作为免疫治疗新化学方式的潜力，特别关注 PROTAC（蛋白水解靶向嵌合体）的创新应用和前沿研究及其从科学发现到技术成果的高效转化。我们的综述还解决了该领域的重大障碍和潜在前景，同时还提供了对 TPD 免疫治疗应用未来的见解。

Targeted protein degradation or TPD, is rapidly emerging as a treatment that utilizes small molecules to degrade proteins that cause diseases. TPD allows for the selective removal of disease-causing proteins, including proteasome-mediated degradation, lysosome-mediated degradation, and autophagy-mediated degradation. This approach has shown great promise in preclinical studies and is now being translated to treat numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer. This review discusses the latest advances in TPD and its potential as a new chemical modality for immunotherapy, with a special focus on the innovative applications and cutting-edge research of PROTACs (Proteolysis TArgeting Chimeras) and their efficient translation from scientific discovery to technological achievements. Our review also addresses the significant obstacles and potential prospects in this domain, while also offering insights into the future of TPD for immunotherapeutic applications.