肿瘤治疗期间的锻炼和体力活动 (PA) 有很多好处。然而，PA 水平和依从性往往较低。这项对定性文献的系统回顾旨在探讨治疗期间锻炼和体力活动的经验以及感知到的障碍和促进因素。在 Embase 和 Medline 数据库中对已发表的文献进行了系统检索；该协议的完整详细信息可以在 Prospero 数据库 (CRD42022371206) 中找到。符合纳入条件的研究是定性的，包括当前正在接受肿瘤治疗或在过去 6 个月内完成治疗的参与者。每项研究的结果均制成表格并综合为分析主题。309 项研究的 18 篇全文符合纳入标准，共有 420 名参与者，包括治疗和姑息治疗意图。产生了四个总体主题：(1) 协调者； (2) 障碍； (3) 体能活动/锻炼的经验和 (4) 转变态度。显示治疗期间对体力活动或锻炼的看法的子主题是积极的，看到个人的积极变化非常具有激励性，尤其是在小组课程中。障碍包括缺乏医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 的支持或指导、环境挑战以及疾病负担/恐惧或症状恶化。尽管在肿瘤治疗期间对运动和 PA 抱有积极的看法，但仍存在影响参与的重大障碍。缺乏医护人员的支持和担心症状恶化是重大障碍。未来的研究应侧重于影响这些障碍，以最终改善接受肿瘤治疗的患者的 PA 和运动水平。© 2024。作者。

Exercise and physical activity (PA) during oncological treatment have many benefits. However, PA levels and adherence are often low. This systematic review of qualitative literature aims to explore the experience and the perceived barriers and facilitators to exercise and physical activity during treatment.A systematic search of the published literature was carried out in the Embase and Medline databases; full details for the protocol can be found in the Prospero database (CRD42022371206). Studies eligible for inclusion were qualitative and included participants that were either currently undergoing oncological treatment or had finished treatment within the last 6 months. The findings from each study were tabulated and synthesised into analytical themes.Eighteen full texts from 309 studies met inclusion criteria with a total of 420 participants including both curative and palliative treatment intents. Four overarching themes were generated: (1) Facilitators; (2) Barriers; (3) Experience of PA/exercise and (4) Transforming attitudes. Sub-themes that showed perceptions of PA or exercise during treatment were positive, and seeing personal positive change was highly motivating, especially in a group class setting. Barriers included lack of support or guidance from healthcare professionals (HCPs), environmental challenges and disease burden/fear or worsening symptoms.Despite having positive perceptions of exercise and PA during oncological treatment, there are significant barriers impacting participation. Lack of support from HCPs and fear of worsening symptoms were significant barriers. Future research should focus on impacting these barriers to ultimately improve PA and exercise levels in those undergoing oncological treatment.© 2024. The Author(s).