程序性死亡配体 1 (PD-L1) 已成为癌症免疫治疗的一个关键焦点，因为它存在于许多不同的细胞中。癌细胞通过提高 PD-L1 表达来增强程序性死亡受体 1 (PD-1) 的抑制作用，从而逃避免疫检测。尽管已经取得了显着的进步，但抗PD-1/PD-L1治疗的有效性仍然仅限于特定的患者群体。癌症免疫疗法的一个重要进展涉及改善 PD-L1 蛋白的降解。这篇综述彻底研究了 PD-L1 分解的过程，包括泛素化-蛋白酶体和自噬-溶酶体的细胞内途径。此外，分析还揭示了影响 PD-L1 稳定性的变化，例如磷酸化和糖基化。强调了这些程序对癌症免疫治疗的重大影响及其在创新治疗方法中的潜在作用。我们未来的努力将集中于了解控制 PD-L1 降解的新方法并开发创新疗法，例如专门设计用于降解 PD-L1 的蛋白水解靶向嵌合体。彻底理解这些途径对于改进癌症免疫治疗策略并有望提高治疗效果至关重要。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has become a crucial focus in cancer immunotherapy considering it is found in many different cells. Cancer cells enhance the suppressive impact of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) through elevating PD-L1 expression, which allows them to escape immune detection. Although there have been significant improvements, the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment is still limited to a specific group of patients. An important advancement in cancer immunotherapy involves improving the PD-L1 protein degradation. This review thoroughly examined the processes by which PD-L1 breaks down, including the intracellular pathways of ubiquitination-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome. In addition, the analysis revealed changes that affect PD-L1 stability, such as phosphorylation and glycosylation. The significant consequences of these procedures on cancer immunotherapy and their potential role in innovative therapeutic approaches are emphasised. Our future efforts will focus on understanding new ways in which PD-L1 degradation is controlled and developing innovative treatments, such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras designed specifically to degrade PD-L1. It is crucial to have a thorough comprehension of these pathways in order to improve cancer immunotherapy strategies and hopefully improve therapeutic effectiveness.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.