东南亚正在经历流行病学转变，非传染性疾病变得越来越重要，但传染病（结核病、艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎、疟疾）在一些人群中仍然广泛流行，同时新出现的人畜共患疾病也构成威胁。对许多重要健康状况的人口水平估计也很有限。这限制了疾病控制和预防优先事项的循证决策。横断面调查可以成为衡量多种疾病患病率的有效流行病学工具，但尚未对该地区不同健康状况的覆盖范围进行系统评估。我们在 Medline、Embase、Global Health 中进行了系统搜索、CINAHL、Scopus、Web of Science 核心合集和 Global Index Medicus，以及 Google Scholar。我们的纳入标准是在孟加拉国、柬埔寨、老挝、缅甸和泰国通过社区招募进行的横断面调查，调查于 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 1 月 27 日期间发布，并报告了任何健康状况的患病率。 542 出版物纳入了 337 项调查。调查报告的非传染性疾病 (n = 205) 多于传染病 (n = 124)。残疾（n = 49）、任何疾病或症状的自我报告病史（n = 35）和自我感知的健康状况（n = 34）反映了健康的整体状况，但通过较少的调查进行了研究。此外，45 项调查研究了非传染性和传染性病症之间重叠的症状。调查最多的疾病是营养不良、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、肠道寄生虫、疟疾、贫血、腹泻、发烧和急性呼吸道感染。这些情况与全球疾病负担研究中最重要的死亡和残疾原因重叠。然而，其他高负担疾病（例如听力损失、头痛、腰痛、慢性肝肾疾病和癌症）却很少被研究。最近的调查相对较少，可以用来估计除以下疾病之外的健康状况的代表性患病率和趋势：那些已知是高负担的人。扩大横断面调查中健康状况的范围可以增进对该地区不断变化的疾病模式的了解。© 2024。作者。

Southeast Asia is undergoing an epidemiological transition with non-communicable illnesses becoming increasingly important, yet infectious diseases (tuberculosis, HIV, hepatitis B, malaria) remain widely prevalent in some populations, while emerging and zoonotic diseases threaten. There are also limited population-level estimates of many important heath conditions. This restricts evidence-based decision-making for disease control and prevention priorities. Cross-sectional surveys can be efficient epidemiological tools to measure the prevalence of a wide range of diseases, but no systematic assessment of their coverage of different health conditions has been produced for the region.We conducted a systematic search in Medline, Embase, Global Health, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Global Index Medicus, and additionally Google Scholar. Our inclusion criteria were cross-sectional surveys conducted with community-based recruitment, in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand, published between January 1, 2010 and January 27, 2021, and reporting the prevalence of any health condition.542 publications from 337 surveys were included. Non-communicable conditions (n = 205) were reported by more surveys than infectious conditions (n = 124). Disability (n = 49), self-report history of any disease or symptoms (n = 35), and self-perceived health status (n = 34), which reflect a holistic picture of health, were studied by many fewer surveys. In addition, 45 surveys studied symptomatic conditions which overlap between non-communicable and infectious conditions. The most surveyed conditions were undernutrition, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, intestinal parasites, malaria, anemia, diarrhea, fever, and acute respiratory infections. These conditions overlap with the most important causes of death and disability in the Global Burden of Disease study. However, other high-burden conditions (e.g. hearing loss, headache disorder, low back pain, chronic liver and kidney diseases, and cancers) were rarely studied.There were relatively few recent surveys from which to estimate representative prevalences and trends of health conditions beyond those known to be high burden. Expanding the spectrum of health conditions in cross-sectional surveys could improve understanding of evolving disease patterns in the region.© 2024. The Author(s).