儿童低度脑肿瘤和神经发育障碍共享蛋白质、信号通路和网络。它们还具有种系突变和产前分化起源受损的特点。它们在事件发生和扩散的时间上可能有所不同。我们认为，尽管部分重叠，但它们关键的不同结果与细胞状态有关，这取决于它们的空间位置以及大脑发育过程中基因表达的时间。这些属性对于大脑的顺序发育至关重要，单细胞空间组织影响细胞状态，从而影响细胞功能。我们的基本前提是神经发育障碍和小儿肿瘤的根本原因是产前分化受损。与儿童脑肿瘤、神经发育障碍、脑细胞（子）类型、位置和发育中大脑表达时间相关的数据很少。然而，新兴的单细胞技术，包​​括转录组学、空间生物学、在大脑发育过程中进行的空间高分辨率成像，可能会在破译大脑病理学从而药理学方面带来变革。版权所有 © 2024。由爱思唯尔公司出版。

Pediatric low grade brain tumors and neurodevelopmental disorders share proteins, signaling pathways, and networks. They also share germline mutations and an impaired prenatal differentiation origin. They may differ in the timing of the events and proliferation. We suggest that their pivotal distinct, albeit partially overlapping, outcomes relate to the cell states, which depend on their spatial location, and timing of gene expression during brain development. These attributes are crucial as the brain develops sequentially, and single-cell spatial organization influences cell state, thus function. Our underlying premise is that the root cause in neurodevelopmental disorders and pediatric tumors is impaired prenatal differentiation. Data related to pediatric brain tumors, neurodevelopmental disorders, brain cell (sub)types, locations, and timing of expression in the developing brain are scant. However, emerging single cell technologies, including transcriptomic, spatial biology, spatial high-resolution imaging performed over the brain developmental time, could be transformational in deciphering brain pathologies thereby pharmacology.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.