卵巢是青春期后女性重要的类固醇激素产生场所。然而，目前关于类固醇生成酶、内源性激素浓度及其对健康卵巢功能和恶性发育的影响的研究有限。在这里，我们讨论类固醇酶在正常和恶性卵巢中的重要性，以及激素浓度、受体表达和作用。影响卵巢类固醇作用的关键酶包括 STS、3β-HSD2、HSD17B1、ARK1C3 和芳香酶。雄激素和雌激素均通过其促进酶作用，驱动健康卵巢组织中的卵泡活化、发育和成熟。在卵巢癌中，一些数据表明 STS 和雌激素受体 α 可能与侵袭性形式有关，而各种雌激素反应因子可能与卵巢癌转移有关。相反，雄激素受体的表达和作用因卵巢癌亚型而异。对于未来研究卵巢癌中类固醇生成和类固醇活性的研究，有必要区分疾病亚型以进行全面了解。© 2024 作者。

The ovaries are key steroid hormone production sites in post-pubertal females. However, current research on steroidogenic enzymes, endogenous hormone concentrations and their effects on healthy ovarian function and malignant development is limited. Here, we discuss the importance of steroid enzymes in normal and malignant ovaries, alongside hormone concentrations, receptor expression and action. Key enzymes include STS, 3β-HSD2, HSD17B1, ARK1C3, and aromatase, which influence ovarian steroidal action. Both androgen and oestrogen action, via their facilitating enzyme, drives ovarian follicle activation, development and maturation in healthy ovarian tissue. In ovarian cancer, some data suggest STS and oestrogen receptor α may be linked to aggressive forms, while various oestrogen-responsive factors may be involved in ovarian cancer metastasis. In contrast, androgen receptor expression and action vary across ovarian cancer subtypes. For future studies investigating steroidogenesis and steroidal activity in ovarian cancer, it is necessary to differentiate between disease subtypes for a comprehensive understanding.© 2024 The Author(s).