转移性前列腺癌（PCa）患者的治疗被认为是一个长期存在的挑战。转移性PCa的常规治疗，如根治性前列腺切除术、放射治疗和雄激素受体靶向治疗，会在一定程度上引起PCa细胞的衰老。虽然衰老细胞可以通过限制细胞增殖和增加免疫清除来阻碍肿瘤生长，但衰老微环境可能同时刺激衰老相关分泌表型的分泌并削弱免疫细胞功能，从而促进前列腺癌复发和转移。对现有疗法的耐药性是治疗转移性 PCa 的主要障碍，因为它可能导致疾病进展为无法治愈的状态。因此，了解 PCa 进展的分子机制对于开发新的治疗方法至关重要。本研究综述了前列腺癌治疗引起的衰老现象、衰老在前列腺癌治疗中的双重作用以及衰老促进前列腺癌转移的机制。此外，本综述讨论了针对上述过程的潜在治疗策略，旨在深入了解转移性 PCa 治疗的不断发展的治疗前景。

The treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is considered to be a long‑standing challenge. Conventional treatments for metastatic PCa, such as radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and androgen receptor‑targeted therapy, induce senescence of PCa cells to a certain extent. While senescent cells can impede tumor growth through the restriction of cell proliferation and increasing immune clearance, the senescent microenvironment may concurrently stimulate the secretion of a senescence‑associated secretory phenotype and diminish immune cell function, which promotes PCa recurrence and metastasis. Resistance to established therapies is the primary obstacle in treating metastatic PCa as it can lead to progression towards an incurable state of disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underly the progression of PCa is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The present study reviews the phenomenon of treatment‑induced senescence in PCa, the dual role of senescence in PCa treatments and the mechanisms through which senescence promotes PCa metastasis. Furthermore, the present review discusses potential therapeutic strategies to target the aforementioned processes with the aim of providing insights into the evolving therapeutic landscape for the treatment of metastatic PCa.