大多数接受手术切除的胰腺癌患者最终会出现疾病复发。 ‍本研究旨在调查是否有证据支持胰腺癌术后常规监测，次要目的是分析北欧国家监测策略的实施情况。进行了范围界定审查，以确定全球临床实践指南和相关研究胰腺癌切除后的监测。随后对来自四个北欧国家的 20 个胰腺单位进行了一项调查，以评估他们目前对手术患者的随访实践。总共包括 16 项临床实践指南和 17 项研究。该指南对胰腺癌术后监测提供了不一致的建议。临床研究数据主要基于回顾性队列研究，证据水平较低，且未解决前置时间偏差问题。瑞典和丹麦建议进行主动监测，但挪威则建议在术后/辅助期之后进行积极监测。芬兰没有关于监测的国家建议。北欧调查显示，不同单位报告的做法存在很大差异。约 75%（20 个单位中的 15 个）进行了常规术后监测。作为监测的一部分，80% 使用常规 CA 19-9 检测，67% 使用常规 CT。约 73% 的中心继续随访直至术后 5 年。胰腺癌术后常规长期（即 5 年）监测的证据仍然有限。北欧国家的大多数胰腺科室都会定期进行随访，但方案各不相同。

Most patients with pancreatic cancer who have undergone surgical resection eventually develop disease recurrence. ‍This study aimed to investigate whether there is evidence to support routine surveillance after pancreatic cancer surgery, with a secondary aim of analyzing the implementation of surveillance strategies in the Nordic countries.A scoping review was conducted to identify clinical practice guidelines globally and research studies relating to surveillance after pancreatic cancer resection. This was followed by a survey among 20 pancreatic units from four Nordic countries to assess their current practice of follow-up for operated patients.Altogether 16 clinical practice guidelines and 17 research studies were included. The guidelines provided inconsistent recommendations regarding postoperative surveillance of pancreatic cancer. The clinical research data were mainly based on retrospective cohort studies with low level of evidence and lead-time bias was not addressed. Active surveillance was recommended in Sweden and Denmark, but not in Norway beyond the post-operative/adjuvant period. Finland had no national recommendations for surveillance. The Nordic survey revealed a wide variation in reported practice among the different units. About 75% (15 of 20 units) performed routine postoperative surveillance. Routine CA 19-9 testing was used by 80% and routine CT by 67% as part of surveillance. About 73% of centers continued follow-up until 5 years postoperatively.Evidence for routine long-term (i.e. 5 years) surveillance after pancreatic cancer surgery remains limited. Most pancreatic units in the Nordic countries conduct regular follow-up, but protocols vary.