门诊手术和当天出院是符合现代医疗保健不断变化的需求的发展领域，通过降低患者对医院感染、血栓栓塞并发症和医疗错误的易感性而呈现出显着的优势。当与术后加速康复方案相结合时，它们有望将某些接受颅脑手术的患者安全地过渡到门诊护理。本研究旨在评估颅内肿瘤切除术和内镜第三脑室造口术（ETV）术后当天出院情况，并调查与麻醉方法、并发症和再入院率的潜在关联。对计划出院当天的患者进行回顾性分析2020 年 8 月至 2023 年 10 月期间进行了手术。数据包括患者人口特征、术前临床缺陷、诊断、术前和术后 MRI 结果、病变特征、并发症和再入院率。该研究总共纳入 202 名患者。平均年龄为 56.8 岁，117 名患者（57.9%）为女性。患者在手术前一天晚上入院以获得术前许可并接受 MRI。最常见的诊断是转移瘤（23.3%）、脑膜瘤（20.8%）、胶质母细胞瘤（12.4%）和低级别胶质瘤（10.4%）。开颅手术 (46.5%)、立体定向穿刺活检 (35.1) 和 ETV (6.9%) 是最常见的手术。 13 例（6.4%）患者接受了清醒开颅手术，189 例（93.6%）手术在全身麻醉下进行。 1.5% 的患者出现并发症，在平均 9.3 个月的随访期间没有观察到永久性并发症。共有179名患者（88.6%）在手术当天成功出院。中位住院时间为 26.8 小时，中位术后住院时间为 7 小时。 23 名 (11.4%) 患者在术后第 0 天被认为不符合出院资格，而是在术后第 1 天出院。这些延误的原因包括进一步的临床监测 (n = 12)、社会因素 (n = 4) 和患者偏好（n = 7）。年龄与住院时间呈正相关（p = 0.006）。总共有 6.4% 的患者在出院后 1-30 天内再次入院，其中 2.5% 再次入院神经外科。本研究证明了手术当天出院的安全性和可行性，成功率高，风险低。并发症发生率。提前出院并不会增加发病率或再入院率。实施明确的出院方案和彻底的患者教育对于神经外科当天出院计划的成功至关重要。

Outpatient surgery and same-day discharge are developing fields that align with the evolving needs of modern healthcare, presenting a notable advantage by reducing patient susceptibility to nosocomial infections, thromboembolic complications, and medical errors. When paired with enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, they hold promise in safely transitioning certain patients undergoing cranial surgery to outpatient care. This study aimed to evaluate discharge on the same day of surgery after intracranial tumor resection and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and to investigate potential associations with anesthesia methods, complications, and readmission rates.A retrospective analysis of patients scheduled for planned discharge on the same day of surgery between August 2020 and October 2023 was conducted. Data included patient demographic characteristics, preoperative clinical deficits, diagnosis, findings on preoperative and postoperative MRI, lesion characteristics, complications, and readmission rates.A total of 202 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 56.8 years and 117 (57.9%) patients were female. Patients were admitted the evening before surgery to obtain preoperative clearance and undergo MRI. The most common diagnoses were metastasis (23.3%), meningioma (20.8%), glioblastoma (12.4%), and low-grade glioma (10.4%). Craniotomy (46.5%), stereotactic needle biopsy (35.1), and ETV (6.9%) were the most common procedures performed. Thirteen (6.4%) patients underwent awake craniotomy, and 189 (93.6%) surgical procedures were conducted under general anesthesia. Complications occurred in 1.5% of patients, with no permanent complications observed during a mean follow-up of 9.3 months. In total, 179 (88.6%) patients were successfully discharged on the same day of surgery. The median length of hospitalization was 26.8 hours, with the median length of postoperative stay being 7 hours. Twenty-three (11.4%) patients were deemed ineligible for discharge on postoperative day 0 and instead discharged on postoperative day 1. The reasons for these delays included further clinical monitoring (n = 12), social factors (n = 4), and patient preference (n = 7). Age was positively correlated with length of hospitalization (p = 0.006). In total, 6.4% of patients were readmitted within 1-30 days after discharge, with 2.5% readmitted to the department of neurosurgery.This study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of discharge on the same day of surgery, with a high success rate and low complication rates. Early discharge did not increase morbidity or readmission rates. Implementation of clear discharge protocols and thorough patient education are crucial for successful same-day discharge programs in neurosurgery.