该研究的目的是评估巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）患者的临床表现和生存情况。一项回顾性研究纳入了 166 名新诊断的 GCA 患者。使用临床、实验室和仪器数据以及三套分类标准来确认诊断：1990 年美国风湿病学会 (ACR)、2016 年修订的 ACR 标准和/或新的 ACR 和欧洲风湿病协会联盟 (EULAR) ) 2022 年标准。一些患者接受了仪器检查：颞动脉超声多普勒（n = 61）、增强计算机断层扫描（n = 5）、CT血管造影（n = 6）、磁共振成像（n = 4）、MR血管造影（n = 4） = 3) 和 18F-FDG PET/CT (n = 47)。使用生存表和 Kaplan-Meier 方法分析总生存率和无复发生存率。 GCA 最常见的首发表现是头痛 (81.8%)、虚弱 (64%)、发烧 (63.8%) 和风湿性多肌痛症状（56.6%）。 61 名患者中有 44 名通过彩色双面扫描检测到颞动脉的变化。所有同意接受治疗的患者 (n = 158) 均接受了 GCs 治疗，158 名患者中有 49 名使用了甲氨蝶呤，9 名患者使用了来氟米特。 158 名患者中，有 45 名（28.5%）通过 GC 单一疗法获得了稳定缓解；在 120 名（75.9%）患者中，需要长期使用 GC 维持治疗以防止病情加重，其中 71 名（44.9%）患者与甲氨蝶呤或其他免疫抑制药物联合使用。有复发史患者的随访时间为21.0（8.0-54.0）个月。 73 名 (46.2%) 患者出现复发。总体一年生存率为 97.1% [95% CI 94.3； 99.9]，患者五年生存率为94.6%[95% CI 90.2； 99.0]。一年无复发生存率为 86.4% [95% CI 80.5; 92.3]，五年无复发生存率为 52.4% [95% CI 42.0； 62.8]。 166 名患者中有 12 名（7.2%）死亡。死亡原因为心肌梗死2名、中风2名、乳腺癌1名；其余 7 例死因尚未确定。：鉴于疾病恶化频率较高，GCA 患者需要长期随访，尤其是诊断后的第一年。© 2024. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations and survival of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA).. A retrospective study included 166 patients with newly diagnosed GCA. Clinical, laboratory, and instrumental data and three sets of classification criteria were used to confirm the diagnosis: the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990, the revised ACR criteria of 2016 and/or the new ACR and European Alliance of Rheumatologic Associations (EULAR) 2022 criteria. Some of the patients underwent instrumental investigations: temporal artery ultrasound Doppler (n = 61), contrast-enhanced computed tomography (n = 5), CT angiography (n = 6), magnetic resonance imaging (n = 4), MR angiography (n = 3), and 18F-FDG PET/CT (n = 47). Overall and recurrence-free survival rates were analyzed using survival tables and Kaplan-Meier method.. The most frequent first manifestations of GCA were headache (81.8%), weakness (64%), fever (63.8%), and symptoms of rheumatic polymyalgia (56.6%). Changes in temporal arteries in color duplex scanning were detected in 44 out of 61 patients. GCs therapy was performed in all patients who agreed to be treated (n = 158), methotrexate was used in 49 out of 158 patients, leflunomide in 9 patients. In 45 (28.5%) out of 158 patients, a stable remission was achieved as a result of GC monotherapy; in 120 (75.9%) patients, long-term maintenance therapy with GCs was required to prevent exacerbations, including 71 (44.9%) patients in combination with methotrexate or other immunosuppressive drugs. The follow-up period of patients with a history of relapses was 21.0 (8.0-54.0) months. Relapses developed in 73 (46.2%) patients. The overall one-year survival rate was 97.1% [95% CI 94.3; 99.9], and the five-year survival rate of patients was 94.6% [95% CI 90.2; 99.0]. The one-year relapse-free survival rate was 86.4% [95% CI 80.5; 92.3], and the five-year relapse-free survival rate was 52.4% [95% CI 42.0; 62.8]. Twelve (7.2%) of 166 patients died. The cause of death was myocardial infarction in two patients, stroke in two patients, and breast cancer in one patient; in the remaining seven cases, the cause of death was not determined.: Given the high frequency of disease exacerbation, patients with GCA require long-term follow-up, especially during the first year after diagnosis.© 2024. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.