本研究旨在比较口腔癌患者在下颌重建（称为“一日下颌”（JIAD））期间接受即刻种植牙的患者与未接受种植体或延迟种植体（非 JIAD）的患者的放射性骨坏死和种植体存活风险。数据收集自前瞻性入组 JIAD 患者（n = 10、29 颗种植体）和回顾性非 JIAD 患者（n = 117、86 颗种植体）。进行生存分析以评估植入物的存活率和无放射性骨坏死的存活率。 JIAD 病例中放射性骨坏死的发生率为 0%，而无植入物的非 JIAD 病例中发生放射性骨坏死的比例为 19.3%，延迟种植体的非 JIAD 病例中发生放射性骨坏死的比例为 71.4% (p = 0.008)。 JIAD 组的无放射性骨坏死生存率显着优于非 JIAD 组 (p = 0.0059)。无论是否接受放射治疗，JIAD 组的植入物均存活（29/29，100%），并且在未接受放射治疗的未受照射腓骨的延迟植入中，95.1%（58/61）的植入物存活。与此同时，即使在放疗后平均时间间隔为 624 天后植入植入物，放置在受辐射腓骨皮瓣中的 25 个植入物中也只有 11 个存活下来，而且没有一个植入物早于 360 天。生存分析显示存在显着差异 (p < 0.0001)。与延迟种植体植入相比，JIAD 在种植体生存和放射性骨坏死预防方面似乎提供了更好的结果。将植入物放置在受辐射的腓骨中，即使经过数年，也会造成植入物失败和放射性骨坏死的高风险。 JIAD 代表了一种有前途的最佳康复方法，特别是对于需要术后放疗的口腔癌患者。种植体和皮瓣的正确定位和方向对于种植体的存活至关重要。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd。保留所有权利。

This study aimed to compare the risk of osteoradionecrosis and implant survival in oral cancer patients undergoing immediate dental implants during jaw reconstruction, termed "Jaw in a Day" (JIAD), with those receiving no implants or delayed implants (non-JIAD).Clinicopathologic data were collected from prospectively enrolled JIAD patients (n = 10, 29 implants) and retrospectively from non-JIAD patients (n = 117, 86 implants). Survival analyses were performed to assess implant survival and osteoradionecrosis-free survival.Osteoradionecrosis occurred in 0 % of JIAD cases compared to 19.3 % in non-JIAD cases without implants and 71.4 % in non-JIAD cases with delayed implants (p = 0.008). Osteoradionecrosis-free survival was significantly better in the JIAD group than the non-JIAD group (p = 0.0059). Implants in the JIAD group all survived regardless of radiation therapy (29/29, 100 %) and 95.1 % (58/61) of implants survived in delayed implants in non-irradiated fibula without radiotherapy. Meanwhile, only 11 of 25 implants placed in irradiated fibula flaps survived, even when the implants were placed after a median time interval of 624 days after radiotherapy, and none of them were earlier than 360 days. The survival analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.0001).JIAD appears to offer superior outcomes in terms of implant survival and osteoradionecrosis prevention compared to delayed implant placement. Placing implants in irradiated fibula, even after years, significantly poses high risk of implant failure and osteoradionecrosis. JIAD represents a promising approach for optimal rehabilitation, particularly in oral cancer patients requiring postoperative radiotherapy. Proper positioning and orientation of implants and flaps are crucial for implant survival.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.