卵巢癌是最致命的妇科恶性肿瘤，主要通过化疗进行治疗。然而，全身化疗常常导致严重的毒副作用和化疗耐药。载药气凝胶已成为一种有前途的药物输送方法，因为它们可以提高药物溶解度和生物利用度，控制药物释放，减少药物在非靶组织中的分布，从而最大限度地减少副作用。在这项研究中，利用纳米纤维重组和冷冻干燥技术制备了具有多孔网络结构的负载壳寡糖（COS）的纳米纤维复合壳聚糖（CS）气凝胶（COS-NFs/CS）。气凝胶核心层的COS负载率为60%，使得COS-NFs/CS气凝胶能够显着抑制卵巢癌细胞的迁移和增殖（导致卵巢癌细胞的存活率下降至33.70%） 48小时后）。同轴纤维独特的壳核结构和气凝胶的多孔网络结构使COS-NFs/CS气凝胶能够在30天内稳定缓慢地释放COS，有效减少COS的初始爆发释放。此外，COS-NFs/CS气凝胶具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性（植入6周后仅保留其重量的18.52%），并能促进血管生成，从而促进卵巢切除术后伤口的愈合。总之，COS-NFs/CS 气凝胶在治疗卵巢癌方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Ovarian cancer, the deadliest gynecological malignancy, primarily treated with chemotherapy. However, systemic chemotherapy often leads to severe toxic side effects and chemoresistance. Drug-loaded aerogels have emerged as a promising method for drug delivery, as they can improve drug solubility and bioavailability, control drug release, and reduce drug distribution in non-targeted tissues, thereby minimizing side effects. In this research, chitosan oligosaccharide (COS)-loaded nanofibers composite chitosan (CS) aerogels (COS-NFs/CS) with a porous network structure were created using nanofiber recombination and freeze-drying techniques. The core layer of the aerogel has a COS loading rate of 60 %, enabling the COS-NFs/CS aerogel to significantly inhibit the migration and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells (resulting in a decrease in the survival rate of ovarian cancer cells to 33.70 % after 48 h). The coaxial fiber's unique shell-core structure and the aerogel's porous network structure enable the COS-NFs/CS aerogels to release COS steadily and slowly over 30 days, effectively reducing the initial burst release of COS. Additionally, the COS-NFs/CS aerogels exhibit good biocompatibility, degradability (only retaining 18.52 % of their weight after 6 weeks of implantation), and promote angiogenesis, thus promoting wound healing post-oophorectomy. In conclusion, COS-NFs/CS aerogels show great potential for application in the treatment of ovarian cancer.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.