丹参乙醇提取多糖（SMEP）和胸腺五肽（TP5）已被证明具有很强的免疫调节活性，T细胞亚群在抑制实体瘤生长中发挥着关键作用。在本研究中，通过甲基化和核磁共振谱进一步鉴定了SMEP的结构，并通过评估荷瘤小鼠中T细胞亚群的空间分布来研究其与TP5联合的免疫调节活性，最终研究实体瘤的细胞状态细胞进行了分析。结果表明，SMEP是以(1→4)-α-D-Glcp和(2→1)-β-D-Fruf为主链，同时有(1→6)-α支链的中性杂多糖。 -D-加尔普。 SMEP TP5治疗可有效促进荷瘤小鼠CD4 T细胞的分化并提高特异性识别能力，从而激活肿瘤浸润的CD8 T细胞发挥细胞毒作用，最终通过阻断细胞周期G0促进肿瘤细胞凋亡/G1期，可能与Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的抑制有关。这些发现凸显了SMEP作为免疫佐剂治疗免疫缺陷相关疾病患者的潜力，并为T细胞亚群在肿瘤免疫中的功能研究提供了数据支持。版权所有©2024。Elsevier B.V.出版。

Salvia miltiorrhiza ethanol-extracted polysaccharide (SMEP) and thymopentin (TP5) have been proved with strong immunomodulatory activity, and T cells subsets play pivotal roles in the inhibition of solid tumors growth. In the present study, the structure of SMEP was further identified via methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and the immunomodulatory activity in combination with TP5 was investigated via evaluating T cell subsets spatial distributions in tumor-bearing mice, finally the cellular status of solid tumor cells was analyzed. The results revealed that SMEP was a neutral heteropolysaccharide using (1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp and (2 → 1)-β-D-Fruf as the main chain, along with branched chains of (1 → 6)-α-D-Galp. The SMEP+TP5 treatments could effectively promote the differentiation and improve the specific recognition capacity of CD4+ T cells in tumor-bearing mice, thereby activate tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells to exert cytotoxic effects, finally promoting the tumor cells apoptosis via blocking cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, which might be relevant with suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These findings highlighted the potential of SMEP as an immunoadjuvant for patients bearing immune-deficiency related diseases, and provided data support for the functional researches of T cell subsets in tumor immunity.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.