紫杉醇通常用于治疗乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、食道癌、胃癌、胰腺癌和颈部癌细胞。由于紫杉醇耐药性的出现，在接受紫杉醇治疗的患者中观察到癌症复发。在用紫杉醇、多西紫杉醇和卡巴他赛治疗的癌细胞中观察到耐药机制，包括有丝分裂的靶分子β-微管蛋白的变化、激活药物流出细胞的分子机制以及细胞凋亡调节蛋白的改变。这篇综述讨论了紫杉烷耐药的新分子机制，例如多药耐药基因和 EDIL3、ABCB1、MRP1 和 TRAG-3/CSAG2 基因等基因的过度表达。此外，在紫杉醇耐药中检测到了显着的lncRNA，例如lncRNA H19和紫杉烷之间的交叉耐药。这篇综述有助于发现紫杉烷耐药性的新治疗策略，并提高癌细胞对化疗药物的反应性。© 2024。作者。

Paclitaxel is commonly used to treat breast, ovarian, lung, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic cancer, and neck cancer cells. Cancer recurrence is observed in patients treated with paclitaxel due to paclitaxel resistance emergence. Resistant mechanisms are observed in cancer cells treated with paclitaxel, docetaxel, and cabazitaxel including changes in the target molecule β-tubulin of mitosis, molecular mechanisms that activate efflux drug out of the cells, and alterations in regulatory proteins of apoptosis. This review discusses new molecular mechanisms of taxane resistance, such as overexpression of genes like the multidrug resistance genes and EDIL3, ABCB1, MRP1, and TRAG-3/CSAG2 genes. Moreover, significant lncRNAs are detected in paclitaxel resistance, such as lncRNA H19 and cross-resistance between taxanes. This review contributed to discovering new treatment strategies for taxane resistance and increasing the responsiveness of cancer cells toward chemotherapeutic drugs.© 2024. The Author(s).